不同低盐驯化方式对缢蛏生存、生理代谢及抗氧化水平的影响  

Effects of different hyposaline acclimation methods on survival,physiological metabolism and antioxidant levels of Sinonovacula constricta

作　　者：王新星 杜鑫鑫 杨栋 刘琦 牛东红[1,3] 沈和定[1,3] 李家乐[1,3] WANG Xinxing;DU Xinxin;YANG Dong;LIU Qi;NIU Donghong;SHEN Heding;LI Jiale(Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sanmen County,Taizhou 317100,Zhejiang,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]三门县农业农村局,浙江台州317100 [3]上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2023年第4期708-715,共8页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”专项(2019YFD0900400);福建省科技计划项目(2021N3001)。

摘　　要：为了探究缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)在低盐水域养殖的可行性,从生存、摄食和生理代谢方面,比较分析不同驯化方式下缢蛏的淡化效果。设置3种不同低盐驯化方式的驯化组(Da组:盐度每48 h下降3的等速驯化组;Db组:盐度每24 h下降1.5的等速驯化组;Dc组:盐度大于10时每48 h下降3,盐度小于10时每24 h下降1的分段驯化组)和未驯化组(Ud组:盐度5),水体盐度从20淡化至5,驯化周期为10 d;检测了各实验组缢蛏的存活率、耗氧率、氨氮排泄率、摄食率及抗氧化酶活性。结果表明:各驯化组缢蛏的存活率均显著高于Ud组(43%),且Dc组成活率(86%)最高;Dc组缢蛏耗氧率、氨氮排泄率均显著低于Da组和Db组;Dc组摄食率显著高于Da组和Db组;Dc组缢蛏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性波动最小。由此可见,采用较低淡化速率的分段式淡化模式优势显著,该结果为低盐水域开展缢蛏淡化养殖提供了参考依据。To explore the feasibility of developing fishery aquaculture in low salt water,this study compared and analyzed the desalination effect of Sinonovacula contricta under different domestication methods.In this experiment,three groups with different low-salt domestication methods were set up(group Da:isokinetic domestication group with salinity decreased by 3 per 48 h;Group Db:isokinetic domestication group with salinity decreased by 1.5 per 24 h;group Dc:segmented domestication group with salinity decreased by 3 per 48 h before 10 and salinity decreased by 1 per 24 h after 10)and undomesticated group(Ud:salinity 5),water salinity decreased from 20 to 5,and the desalination period was 10 d.The survival,oxygen consumption rate,ammonia nitrogen excretion rate,feeding rate and antioxidant enzyme activity of clams in each experimental group were measured.The results showed that the survival rate of S.contricta in all domesticated groups was significantly higher than that of undomesticated group(43%),and the survival rate of group Dc(86%)was the highest.The oxygen consumption rate and ammonia nitrogen excretion rate in group Dc were significantly lower than those in group Da and group Db.The feeding experiments showed the feeding rate of group Dc was significantly higher than group A and group B.S.constricta in group Dc showed the least fluctuation of activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT).In brief,the segmented desalination mode with a lower desalination rate and gradually decreasing the desalination rate with the decrease of salinity had significant advantages,which provided a reference for the desalination culture of S.contricta in low-saline water.

关 键 词：缢蛏 低盐驯化 存活率 耗氧率 氨氮排泄率 抗氧化酶活性 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]