低鱼粉饲料中添加外源酶制剂对大口黑鲈生长性能、体组成以及饲料利用率的影响  

Effects of dietary exogenous enzymes on improving growth performance, body composition and feed utilization of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fed low fishmeal-based diet

作　　者：裘泓杰 何向中 陈乃松[1,2] 李松林 QIU Hongjie;HE Xiangzhong;CHEN Naisong;LI Songlin(Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学农业农村部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2023年第4期730-740,共11页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-46)。

摘　　要：为了探究低鱼粉饲料中添加外源酶制剂对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)生长性能、体组成以及饲料利用率的影响,以25%鱼粉组为对照组,在此基础上分别添加中性蛋白酶、角蛋白酶、纤维素酶、植酸酶以及复合酶(中性蛋白酶、角蛋白酶、纤维素酶以及植酸酶)配置6组等氮等脂的实验饲料。以初始体质量为(39.65±0.15) g的大口黑鲈为实验对象,进行57 d的养殖实验,每天饱食投喂2次。结果显示:角蛋白酶、纤维素酶和复合酶的添加显著提高了大口黑鲈的终末体质量、增重率以及特定生长率;中性蛋白酶、角蛋白酶和植酸酶的添加显著提高了大口黑鲈的蛋白沉积率;而植酸酶和复合酶的添加显著提高了脂肪沉积率;不同酶制剂的添加均对饲料中蛋白质和脂肪表观消化率有改善作用,复合酶组的蛋白质表观消化率最高且显著高于其他处理组,角蛋白、纤维素酶和复合酶组的脂肪表观消化率显著高于中性蛋白酶组和对照组。综上,在高植物蛋白饲料中添加一定比例的酶制剂,特别是角蛋白酶、纤维素酶或复合酶,可以有效地促进大口黑鲈对营养物质的消化和吸收,进而改善饲料利用率,提高大口黑鲈的生长性能。In order to evaluate the effects of exogenous enzymes inclusion on growth performance,body composition and feed efficiency of largemouth bass,the diet with 25%fish meal was considered as the control,and another five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated with the inclusion of neutral protease,keratinase,cellulase,phytase and complex enzymes(neutral protease,keratinase,cellulase and phytase),respectively.The fish were fed the experimental diets for 57 days twice daily.Results showed that fish fed the diet with keratinase,cellulase or complex enzymes inclusion displayed higher final body weight,weight gain rate and specific growth rate compared to the control group.Meanwhile,largemouth bass fed the diet with the supplementation of neutral protease,keratinase or phytase obtained significantly higher protein retention rate than that in the control group.The lipid retention rate was significantly higher in largemouth bass fed the diet with phytase or complex enzyme compared to other groups.The inclusion of exogenous enzyme significantly elevated the nutrient apparent digestibility coefficient of largemouth bass:the highest apparent digestibility of protein was observed in largemouth bass fed the diet with complex enzyme,which was significantly higher than other groups;the apparent digestibility of lipid in largemouth bass fed the diet with keratin,cellulase and complex enzyme was significantly higher than that in the neutral protease and control group.In summary,the supplementation of exogenous enzymes,especially keratinase,cellulase and complex enzyme,in high plant protein diet,can effectively promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients,improve feed utilization and elevate growth performance of largemouth bass.

关 键 词：大口黑鲈 外源酶 生长性能 饲料利用率 低鱼粉饲料 

分 类 号：S963.1[农业科学—水产养殖]