民国社会对“八小时制”的认知与实践——基于天津宝成纱厂改行“三八制”的考察  

The Cognition and Practice of the“Eight-hour Working System”in the Society of Republic of China--The Case of Tianjin Baocheng Yarn Factory Implementing the Three-eight Working System

作　　者：封磊 FENG Lei(School of History,Yan’an University,Yan’an 716000)

机构地区：[1]延安大学历史学院,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《工会理论研究》2023年第5期53-66,共14页Labour Union Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“时间的全球变革与近代中国社会转型研究”(项目编号:22YJC770005);延安大学博士科研项目(项目编号:YDBK2019-39);延安市科技专项资金资助项目(项目编号:2019-15)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：学界对新形势下工时形态的研究渐成热点,但对作为新工时基础的八小时制在近代的认知形态与实施情况的研究还有待完善。本研究首先重点考察八小时标准工时在近代中国的认知形态,其次以民国时期天津宝成纱厂改行三八制为典型案例,论析实践八小时制的具体过程,最后从作为社会文化事件的宝成纱厂改行三八制的失败之因,近代中国八小时制法制实践的差异性,以及作为政治文化遗产的“五一”等三个层面论析八小时制的全球价值。Research on the working hour pattern in the new situation has become a hot topic,but the eight-hour system,which is the basis of the new working hour,has not yet been studied in terms of its cognitive pattern and implementation in modern China in general.Under the perspective of global history,this study firstly focuses on the cognitive form of the eight-hour standard working hours in modern China,then takes the conversion of Baocheng Yarn Factory to the eight-hour system as a typical case in the Republic of China,and analyzes the specific process of practicing the eight-hour system.Finally the article analyzes the reasons for the failure of Baocheng Yarn Factory to implement the Three-eight hour system as a social and cultural event,the particularity of the legal practice of the eight-hour system in modern China,and the“May Day”as a political and cultural heritage.

关 键 词：工作时间 八小时工作制 三八制 宝成纱厂 

分 类 号：F249.292.1[经济管理—劳动经济]