发酵菌剂对稻草型饲粮体外发酵特性的影响  

Effects of Fermenting Bacteria on In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of Rice Straw Diet

作　　者：田雨晴 张一平 李秋凤[1] 曹玉凤[1] 吴春会[1] 王明亚 张秀江 肖阳 TIAN Yuqing;ZHANG Yiping;LI Qiufeng;CAO Yufeng;WU Chunhui;WANG Mingya;ZHANG Xiujiang;XIAO Yang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Hebei Baoding 071000,China;Baoding Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Hebei Baoding 071000,China;Dingxing County Animal Epidemic Prevention and Control Center,Hebei Baoding 072650,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071000 [2]保定市农业农村局,河北保定071000 [3]定兴县动物疫病预防控制中心,河北保定072650

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第19期84-90,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目[CARS-37];河北省二期现代农业产业技术体系肉牛创新团队高效养殖岗位建设项目[HBCT2018130202];河北省优质粗饲料防霉及高效利用关键技术项目[19226615D]。

摘　　要：为了探究稻草与全株玉米青贮比例和发酵菌剂在混合饲粮中的组合效应,采用双因子完全随机试验设计,将不同稻草与全株玉米青贮比例(100∶0、80∶20、60∶40、40∶60、20∶80、0∶100)和发酵菌剂(未添加发酵菌剂、添加发酵菌剂)的混合饲粮进行体外发酵,测定常规发酵指标并进行隶属函数分析。结果表明:(1)稻草与全株玉米青贮的比例对产气量(GP)有显著影响(P<0.05),随着稻草比例的减少,GP总体上呈上升趋势;添加发酵菌剂对GP有显著影响(P<0.05);稻草添加比例和发酵菌剂的互作效应在8、36、48 h影响显著(P<0.05)。(2)稻草与全株玉米青贮的比例对干物质降解率(DMD)有显著影响(P<0.05)。(3)稻草与全株玉米青贮的比例以及添加发酵菌剂对pH均有显著影响(P<0.05),pH范围为6.85~7.12。(4)添加发酵菌剂显著降低了稻草与全株玉米青贮的比例为80∶20和20∶80时的氨态氮(NH3-N)。(5)稻草与全株玉米青贮的比例对丙酸(PA)、丁酸(BA)和乙/丙(AA/PA)有显著影响(P<0.05),添加发酵菌剂对乙酸(AA)、丙酸、总挥发性脂肪酸(T-VFA)有显著影响(P<0.05),稻草添加比例和添加发酵菌剂对乙/丙的互作效应显著(P<0.05)。隶属函数分析表明,当稻草与全株玉米青贮比例为40∶60、20∶80、0∶100时无论是否添加发酵菌剂,发酵效果均优于稻草与全株玉米青贮比例为100∶0、80∶20、60∶40时,其中稻草与全株玉米青贮的比例在20∶80时发酵效果更好;当稻草与全株玉米青贮比例为40∶60、20∶80、0∶100时可不添加发酵菌剂,以降低成本。In order to explore the combination effect of rice straw and whole corn silage ratio and fermenting bacteria in mixed diet,a double factor completely randomized design of experiments was used to ferment the mixed diet of different rice straw to whole plant corn silage ratios(100∶0,80∶20,60∶40,40∶60,20∶80,0∶100)and yeast agent(without yeast agent added,with yeast agent added)in vitro,determine the conventional fermentating indexes and conduct the membership function analysis.The results showed that:①the ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage had a significant impact on gas production(GP)(P<0.05),and as the ratio of rice straw decreased,GP showed an overall upward trend;The addition of fermenting bacteria had a significant impact on GP(P<0.05);the interaction effect between the addition ratio of straw and fermenting bacteria was significant at 8 hours,36 hours,and 48 hours(P<0.05).②The ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage has a significant impact on the dry matter degradation rate(DMD)(P<0.05).③The ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage and the addition of fermenting bacteria have significant effects on pH(P<0.05),with a pH range of 6.85-7.12.④The addition of fermenting bacteria significantly reduced the NH3-N at the ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage at 80∶20 and 20∶80.⑤The ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage had a significant impact on propionic acid(PA),butyric acid(BA),and acetic acid/propionic acid(AA/PA)(P<0.05).The addition of fermenting bacteria had a significant impact on acetic acid(AA),propionic acid,and total volatile fatty acids(T-VFA)(P<0.05).The addition ratio of rice straw and fermenting bacteria had a significant interaction effect on acetic acid/propionic acid(P<0.05).The membership function analysis shows that when the ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage are 40∶60,20∶80,0∶100,regardless of whether fermenting bacteria are added,the fermentation effect is better than when the ratio of rice straw to whole pla

关 键 词：体外发酵 发酵菌剂 稻草 全株玉米青贮 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S816.3[农业科学—饲料科学]