咳嗽动物模型国内外研究进展  

Research progress in animal models of cough

作　　者：罗景舒 马建岭[2] 罗敬月 史利卿[2] 温绍惠[2] 李扭扭[2] 王丽云[2] LUO Jingshu;MA Jianling;LUO Jingyue;SHI Liqing;WEN Shaohui;LI Niuniu;WANG Liyun(the Second Clinical School of Medicine,Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100078,China.;Department of Respiratory,Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100078.;Traditional Chinese Medicine Department,Beijing Chest Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Beijing 101149)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学第二临床医学院,北京100078 [2]北京中医药大学东方医院呼吸热病科,北京100078 [3]首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院中医科,北京101149

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2023年第9期99-112,共14页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(7192115,7184224);国家自然科学基金(81373588);东方医院“1166”人才培养项目(040204001001002012);北京中医药大学科研基金(2017-JYB-JS-102,2018-JYBZZ-JS144)。

摘　　要：咳嗽为临床上常见症状,近年胸部影像无明显异常的慢性咳嗽发病率升高,其病因复杂,误诊误治率高,受到重视。目前研究认为咳嗽高敏感性是其重要的临床与病理生理学特征,与瞬时受体电位通路激活、气道炎症、神经通路及咳嗽中枢的易化等相关,然而其机制复杂,仍需深入研究。咳嗽机制的研究对于新药物的开发、临床疗效的提高、社会经济负担减轻等方面有着重要意义。而咳嗽动物模型对于咳嗽实验研究开展以及其机制阐明具有至关重要的作用,目前咳嗽动物模型分为单纯咳嗽模型和疾病咳嗽模型,但因为咳嗽发病机制复杂,病因较多,尚无统一的咳嗽模型制备标准,且仍处于不断的补充与完善之中。针对咳嗽动物模型建立的机制方法和研究进展,通过查阅和整理近年来国内外的相关文献,从模型动物的选择、单纯及疾病咳嗽动物模型的建立和应用等方面综合概述该类模型的研究现状,并进行比较评价,对当前咳嗽模型制备中的问题进行了思考与阐述,以期为实验研究中制备咳嗽动物模型、深入研究咳嗽的发病机制、治疗方法等提供参考。Cough is a common clinical symptom.The incidence of chronic cough without significant abnormalities on chest radiography has recently increased,and its complex etiology and high rates of misdiagnosis and mismanagement have received attention.Cough hypersensitivity has been identified as an important clinical and pathophysiological feature,associated with transient receptor potential pathway activation,airway inflammation,neural pathways,and cough-center facilitation;however,the mechanisms are complex and further detailed studies are needed.Information on cough mechanisms has important implications for the development of new drugs,improvements in clinical efficacy,and the reduction of socioeconomic burdens.Animal models of cough are crucial for experimental research and elucidating the mechanisms responsible for cough.Animal models of cough are currently divided into simple cough models and disease cough models;however,its complex pathogenesis and multiple causes mean that there is no unified standard for preparing cough models,and these continue to be modified and improved.The current review discusses the mechanisms,methods and research progress of animal cough models,and comprehensively summarizes the research statuses of these models from the perspectives of animal selection,establishment,and the application of simple and disease cough models,by reviewing the recent relevant global literature.We present a comparative evaluation and reflect and elaborate on the current problems in preparing cough models,to provide references for the preparation of animal models for experimental research and for in-depth research on the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of cough.

关 键 词：咳嗽 发病机制 动物模型 咳嗽反射 咳嗽敏感性增高 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]