基于双圆光栅的轴截面内轴系回转误差分析与测量方法研究  

Research on Analysis and Measurement Method of Shaft System Rotation Error Within Shaft Section Based on Double Rotary Grating

作　　者：张黎明 张亚东[2] 户璐卿 王永军 Zhang Liming;Zhang Yadong;Hu Luqing;Wang Yongjun(Henan Geology Mineral College,Zhengzhou 451464,China;Xi'an Technological University,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]河南地矿职业学院,郑州市451464 [2]西安工业大学,西安市710021 [3]中国水利水电第十一工程局有限公司

出　　处：《工具技术》2023年第9期147-153,共7页Tool Engineering

基　　金：陕西省“智能制造”科技重大专项(2019zdzx01-02-02)。

摘　　要：基于双圆光栅测量轴系回转误差的方法,介绍了圆光栅测量轴系回转误差的原理和测量圆光栅安装偏心参数的原理。为验证该方法的正确性及可行性,设计并搭建了轴系回转误差测量对比实验系统。利用C++Builder编程并采用多轴固高控制器同时采集多路传感器信号,以保证数据的同步性。对电感测头进行标定,使电感测头达到实验精度要求,并测量两个圆光栅的安装偏心参数,对其在测量方向引起的测量误差进行分离,实时采集电感测头和圆光栅测量的轴系回转误差并进行对比。实验结果表明,在不使用高精密转台及高精密轴系的情况下,轴系回转误差在±55μm范围内时,误差在5μm以内。该轴系回转误差测量方法安装调试简单,无需使用标准件,能够实现在线测量,可以应用到具有轴系回转类的设备中实时监测轴系状态。A method to measure the rotation error of shafting based on double circular grating is presented.The principle of measuring the rotation error of shaft system by circular grating and the principle of the installation eccentricity measuring parameters of circular grating are introduced.In order to verify the correctness and feasibility of this method,a comparative experimental system for shafting rotation error measurement is designed and built.C++Builder is used for programming and a multi-axis solid-gauges controller is used for simultaneous acquisition of multiple sensors to ensure data synchronization.This comparative experimental system is mainly composed of rotating shaft system,circular grating,reading head,inductance measuring head and so on.In the experiment,the inductance probe is calibrated to meet the experimental accuracy requirements,and the installation eccentricity parameters of the two circular gratings are measured in order to separate the measurement errors caused by the measurement direction in the measurement.The shaft rotation errors measured by inductance probe and circular grating are collected and compared in real time.The experimental results show that without using high-precision turntable and high-precision shafting,the rotation error of shafting is±55μm,the comparison error between the proposed method and the one-way method is 5μm.The shafting rotation error measurement method proposed is simple to install and debug,does not need to use standard parts,can realize on-line measurement,can be applied to the equipment with shafting rotation,and can monitor the shafting state in real time.

关 键 词：圆光栅 读数头 轴系回转误差 误差分离 

分 类 号：TG806[金属学及工艺—公差测量技术] TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]