植物多不饱和脂肪酸的研究进展  

Research progress of plant polyunsaturated fatty acids

作　　者：蔡璨 白玉 韩艺 郭佳欣 沙伟[1,2] 张梅娟[1,2] 彭疑芳 马天意 CAI Can;BAI Yu;HAN Yi;GUO Jiaxin;SHA Wei;ZHANG Meijuan;PENG Yifang;MA Tianyi(School of Life Sciences,Agriculture and Forestry,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]齐齐哈尔大学抗性基因工程与寒地生物多样性保护黑龙江重点实验室,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《高师理科学刊》2023年第9期64-69,共6页Journal of Science of Teachers＇College and University

基　　金：齐齐哈尔大学学位与研究生教育教学改革项目(JGXM_QUC_2021009);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目青年创新人才项目(145109212);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(145109311)。

摘　　要：多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acids,PUFAs)是一类独特的生物活性物质,在植物中具有调节生长发育和抵御外界胁迫过程的作用.多不饱和脂肪酸在一系列去饱和酶和延长酶的作用下,通过不同代谢途径形成结构各异、功能相关的化合物,这些化合物作为信号分子特异性调控不同生物学功能及相关基因表达,使植物增强对不同环境胁迫的抗性.介绍了植物中多不饱和脂肪酸的来源、分类、合成途径以及在植物抵御外界胁迫中的作用,为深入研究植物中多不饱和脂肪酸的功能奠定基础.Polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)are a particular class of bioactive substances,which regulate growth,development and external stresses resistance progresses of plants.Under the actions of a series of desaturases and elongases,polyunsaturated fatty acids form compounds with different structures and functions through different metabolic pathways,which the compounds act as signal molecules regulating different biological functions and the expression of related genes,so as to enhance the resistance of plants to different environmental stresses.The sources,classification,synthetic pathways of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plants and their roles in resisting external stresses were introduced,which laid the foundation for further studies of polyunsaturated fatty acids′functions in plants to some extents.

关 键 词：多不饱和脂肪酸 脂肪酸去饱和酶 环境胁迫 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]