荆州市10~19岁青少年心理健康状况及影响因素分析  

Analysis of mental health status and influencing factors of adolescents aged 10~19 in Jingzhou city

作　　者：陈作为 刘国[2] 樊园媛 王元 唐子扬 张新风 涂哲明 CHEN Zuowei;LIU Guo;FAN Yuanyuan;WANG Yuan;TANG Ziyang;ZHANG Xinfeng;TU Zheming(School of Medicine,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434000,China;Jingzhou Mental Health Center,Jingzhou 434000,China;Institute of Mental Health,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434000,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学医学部,湖北荆州434000 [2]荆州市精神卫生中心,湖北荆州434000 [3]长江大学精神卫生研究所,湖北荆州434000

出　　处：《现代医院》2023年第9期1430-1434,共5页Modern Hospitals

基　　金：荆州市科技计划项目(2020CB21-06)。

摘　　要：目的探究荆州地区10~19岁的青少年心理健康状况并探讨其相关影响因素。方法于2021年10月1日—2022年1月6日采用线上调查的方式对常住荆州地区青少年的心理健康状况进行调查,问卷内容包括一般人口学资料和12项一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)。结果共收集到有效问卷8680份,以GHQ≥3为界值,共有1858名学生存在心理健康问题,检出率为21.4%;多因素Logistic回归显示,女性(OR=1.214),年级为高中(OR=1.460),自觉经济状况较差(OR=1.580),存在不良行为习惯包括饮酒(OR=1.714)、吸烟(OR=1.488)、较少锻炼(OR=1.602)、业余上网时长较长(OR=1.412),既往有心理健康问题史(OR=2.913)或心理健康知识欠缺(OR=1.165)为荆州市青少年学生出现心理健康问题的危险因素,而拥有的社会支持较满意(OR=0.612)则是荆州市青少年学生出现心理健康问题的保护因素。结论荆州市的青少年学生出现心理问题的情况较普遍,应重点关注女性、高中生、近期家庭经济状况变差、存在不良行为习惯、既往存在心理健康问题及对心理健康知识不够了解的青少年群体,在该群体中积极宣传心理健康知识,倡导健康的生活方式,积极提供社会支持。Objective To investigate the mental health status of adolescents aged 10-19 years old in Jingzhou area and to explore their related influencing factors.Methods The mental health status of adolescents residing in the Jingzhou area was investigated from 1 October 2021 to 6 January 2022 using an online survey,which included general demographic information and a 12-item general health questionnaire(GHQ-12).Results A total of 8680 valid questionnaires were collected,and with GHQ greater than or equal to 3 as the cut-off value,a total of 1858 students had mental health problems,with a detection rate of 21.4%,and multifactorial logistic regression showed that females(OR=1.214),grade level of high school(OR=1.460),Self-perception of their family's poor economic situation(OR=1.580),and the presence of bad behavioral habits including alcohol consumption(OR=1.714),smoking(OR=1.488),less exercise(OR=1.602),longer hours of spare time on the Internet(OR=1.412),and previous history of mental health problems(OR=2.913)or lack of knowledge about mental health(OR=1.165)were risk factors for mental health problems among adolescent students in Jingzhou city,while the presence of more satisfactory social support(OR=0.612)was a protective factor for the development of mental health problems among adolescent students in Jingzhou city.Conclusion The prevalence of mental health problems among adolescent students in Jingzhou city is high,and attention should be focused on females,high school students,adolescents who have recently experienced a deterioration in their family's economic situation,have poor behavioral habits,have previous mental health problems,and do not have enough knowledge about mental health,and actively promote knowledge about mental health,healthy lifestyles,and active social support among this group.

关 键 词：青少年 心理健康状况 影响因素 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]