键合型相变材料的制备及其对细粒度AP包覆降感作用研究  

Preparation of bonding-type phase change material and its desensitization coating effect on fine-grained AP study

作　　者：刘云杰 张天福 贾云娟 牟国柱 熊伟强 高扬[2] 李鑫 曹满山 LIU Yunjie;ZHANG Tianfu;JIA Yunjuan;MU Guozhu;XIONG Weiqiang;GAO Yang;LI Xin;CAO Manshan(Science and Technology on Aerospace Chemicals Power Laboratory,Xiangyang 441003,China;Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemical Technology,Xiangyang 441003,China)

机构地区：[1]航天化学动力技术重点试验室,湖北襄阳441003 [2]湖北航天化学技术研究所,湖北襄阳441003

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2023年第9期93-99,共7页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(NSFC 21905084)。

摘　　要：随着导弹武器对安全性能要求的不断提高,为了降低细粒度高氯酸铵(AP)及其含能材料配方的机械感度,解决降感包覆剂与AP界面相互作用不足,包覆层易脱落而降感作用失效的问题,选用具有相变单元的正三十四烷醇(Tetratriacontane)作为主链,同时引入具有键合单元的戊四醇-三(3-氮丙啶基)丙酸酯(PTAP)提高界面相互作用,制备出一种键合型相变材料(Tetratriacontane-HDI-PTAP,THP)。结果表明,与石蜡类相变材料/AP界面相比,THP/AP界面的界面张力降低约50%,粘附功增加约100%,表现出了强界面作用;经THP表面包覆后,AP的撞击感度由92%~96%降至0~8%,摩擦感度由96%~100%降至0~12%,表现出了显著的低感度特征,具有优异的安全性能。With the continuous improvement of safety requirements for missile weapons,it is urgent to reduce the mechanical sensitivity of fine ammonium perchlorate(AP)and its energetic materials,which is one of the key problems that must be solved to develop high-performance and low-harm solid propellants.However,most of the existing desensitized coatings have insufficient interaction with the AP interface,and the coating are easy to fall off,which leads to poor desensitization effect.In order to solve these problems,this article selects tetratriacontane with a phase change unit as the main chain,and introduces pentaerythritol tris 3-aziridin-1-ylpropionate(PTAP)with a bonding unit to further improve interface interaction,thus preparing a bonding-type phase change material(Tetratriacontane-HDI-PTAP,THP).The results show that:compared with the paraffin-based phase change material/AP interface,the interfacial tension of the THP/AP interface is reduced by about 50%,and the adhesion work is increased by about 100%,showing strong interface characteristics.After surface is coated with THP,the impact sensitivity of AP decreases from 92%~96%to 0~8%,and the friction sensitivity decreases from 96%~100%to 0~12%,showing remarkable low sensitivity and excellent safety performance.

关 键 词：高氯酸铵 机械感度 键合 相变 包覆 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]