基于高温原位观测的高速风洞内强激光诱导的瞬态破坏行为研究  

High Temperature In-Situ Observation of High-Power Laser Induced Instantaneous Damage Behavior in High-Speed Wind Tunnel

作　　者：马特 王江涛 袁武[1,2,3] 宋宏伟 王睿星[1,2] Ma Te;Wang Jiangtao;Yuan Wu;Song Hongwei;Wang Ruixing(Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems,Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Engineering Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics,Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院力学研究所流固耦合系统力学重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学工程科学学院,北京100049 [3]中国科学院力学研究所空天飞行高温气动国家重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《中国激光》2023年第16期82-91,共10页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12272379,11902322)。

摘　　要：建立了一种适用于强激光辐照面的高温原位观测方法,并开展了高速风洞内的激光辐照实验,获得了典型金属材料与复合材料在超声速切向气流条件下的瞬态烧蚀与破坏行为;此外,基于Horn-Schunck光流法分析了各典型材料的烧蚀特征与质点的运动速度,基于粒子图像测速法并结合复合材料铺层结构特征获得了瞬时烧蚀速度。研究结果表明,各材料的动态烧蚀行为有很大差异:在切向气流作用下,熔融态钛合金的流动模式从燕尾状转变为羽翼状,而镍基高温合金则呈雨滴状流动。基于Kelvin-Helmholtz机制分析了切向气流作用下不同金属材料击穿时间存在差异的原因。超高温陶瓷复合材料的热化学烧蚀和机械剥蚀特征与编织结构类型密切相关,并且高激光功率密度条件下的抗激光烧蚀性能与碳纤维含量成正比。Objective Laser damage experiment in the high-speed wind tunnel is an important method for studying the mechanism of high-speed targets exposed to laser irradiation.There is no substantive progress in the instantaneous ablative behavior of laser-irradiated surfaces owing to the high-temperature radiation coupled with factors such as laser radiation and high-speed wind tunnel environment interference.The conventional methods are used to obtained data,such as the final ablation morphology,ablation depth,or average mass ablation rate,after the experiment.However,the traditional methods cannot provide instantaneous and reliable failure evolution process or real-time experimental data.The temperature of the specimens under laser irradiation was extremely high.For instance,the temperature of ceramic-based composites can exceed 3000℃under a high laser power density.The experimental data on the instantaneous ablative morphology of high-temperature targets exposed to laser irradiation and supersonic tangential airflow have not been reported until now.In the present study,we propose an in-situ observation technology suitable for obtaining the instantaneous laser-irradiated ablative morphology of different materials.The real-time ablative behaviors of the metals and composite materials under supersonic tangential airflow were captured.The ablative characteristics of the specimens were analyzed using image processing methods,and instantaneous ablative data were obtained.Methods Titanium alloy,nickel-based superalloy,ceramic-based C/SiC,and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer CFRP composites are studied in this paper.First,an in-situ observation platform suitable for laser-irradiated extreme high-temperature environments was established,which mainly composed of a high-speed camera,auxiliary lighting system,attenuating filter,and narrow band-pass filter.Subsequently,laser damage experiments were conducted in a supersonic wind tunnel.The experiment employed a supersonic wind tunnel facility at the State Key Laboratory of High-Tem

关 键 词：激光技术 激光破坏效应 原位观测技术 瞬态烧蚀形貌 超声速切向气流 光流法 

分 类 号：TJ955[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]