长白山园池沼泽湿地碳源/汇沿湖岸至高地环境梯度变化  

Variation of carbon source and sink along the environmental gradient from lakeside to highlands in Yuanchi swamp wetlands, Changbai Mountains, China

作　　者：王婷[1] 牟长城[1] 孙梓淇 李美霖 王文婧 许文[2] 赵海明[2] WANG Ting;MU Changcheng;SUN Ziqi;LI Meilin;WANC Wenjing;XU Wen;ZHAO Haiming(Center for Ecological Research,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Jilin Province Baihe Forestry Bureau,Yanbian 133613,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生态研究中心,哈尔滨150040 [2]吉林省白河林业局,吉林延边133613

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2023年第9期2363-2373,共11页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0600803)资助。

摘　　要：湖泊湿地具有长期储碳能力,对区域碳循环具有重大贡献,但有关湖泊湿地碳源汇对气候变化如何响应尚不清楚。为探究高海拔区湖岸湿地碳源/汇对气候变化的响应规律,利用静态箱-气相色谱法及相对生长方程法,研究长白山园池沿岸5种天然沼泽类型(芦苇沼泽、苔草沼泽、杜鹃沼泽、柴桦沼泽、落叶松沼泽)的土壤异养呼吸碳排放(CO_(2)和CH_(4))、植被固碳及其相关环境因子(温度、水位等),依据生态系统净碳收支平衡,量化各沼泽类型的碳源/汇和全球增温潜势(GWP),分析其沿湖岸至高地水分环境梯度变化规律及形成机制。结果表明:处于湖岸至高地水分环境梯度下部生境的草类沼泽(芦苇沼泽和苔草沼泽)为弱源(-1.018和-0.090 t C·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)),中部生境的灌丛沼泽(杜鹃沼泽和柴桦沼泽)为强汇或弱汇(1.956和0.239 t C·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)),上部生境的森林沼泽(落叶松沼泽)为强源(-3.214 t C·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)),且其空间变化受水位促进和土壤温度抑制。从GWP来看,草类沼泽具有强热辐射力(44.682~59.282 t CO_(2)·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)),灌丛沼泽具有冷辐射力(-0.920~-7.008 t CO_(2)·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)),森林沼泽具有弱热辐射力(11.668 t CO_(2)·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)),且其GWP仅受土壤温度所促进。在目前气候变化背景下,长白山高海拔区园池湖岸至高地水分环境梯度两端的草类沼泽和森林沼泽因CH_4或CO_(2)排放增加,呈现热辐射力而对气候变化起正反馈作用,而中部的灌丛沼泽因冷辐射力而起负反馈作用。Lacustrine wetlands have long-term carbon storage capacity and contribute significantly to regional carbon cycle,but it is unclear how its carbon sinks respond to climate change.We measured soil heterotrophic respiration carbon emissions(CO_(2)and CH_(4)),vegetation carbon sequestration,and related environmental factors(temperature,water level,etc.)of five kinds of natural swamps(Phragmites marsh-L,Carex schmidti marsh-C,Rhododendron capitatum swamp-D,Betula fruticose swamp-H,Larix olgensis swamp-LT)by using static chamber gas chromatography and relative growth equation methods,along the water environmental gradients from lakeside to highlands in Yuanchi of Changbai Mountains.We quantified the carbon source/sink function(CSS)and global warming potential(CWP)of various swamp types by estimating ecosystem net carbon balance,and revealed the variation patterns and formation mechanisms of CSS and GWP along the environmental gradients,aiming to explore the response of carbon source/sink of lakeside wetland in high altitude area to climate change.The results showed that marshes(L and C)were weak sources(-1.018 and-0.090 t C·hm^(-1)·a^(-1)at the lower habitats of the water environment gradient,shrub swamps(D and H)were strong or weak sinks(1.956 and 0.239 t C·hm^(-1)·a^(-1)at the middle habitats,forest swamp(LT)was strong source(-3.214 t C·hm^(-1)·a^(-1))at the upper habitat.The spatial changes were promoted by water level and suppressed by soil temperature.For GWP,strong thermal radiation for marshes(from 44.682 to 59.282 t CO_(2)·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)),cold radiation for shrub swamps(from-0.920 to-7.008 t CO_(2)·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)),and weak thermal radiation for forest swamp(11.668 t CO_(2)·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)),and their GWP was only promoted by soil temperature.Under current climate change background,marshes and forest swamp at both ends of the water environment gradient from lakeside to highlands played a positive feedback effect due to the increases of CH4 or CO,emissions,while the middle shrub swamp still maintained a

关 键 词：长白山 湖岸湿地 土壤异养呼吸 年净固碳量 碳源/汇 全球增温潜势 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]