基于自然驾驶数据的隧道口速度选择影响因素分析  

A Natural Driving Data Based Analysis of Tunnel Portal Speed Selection

作　　者：邵晓君 陈丰[1] 潘晓东[1] SHAO Xiaojun;CHEN Feng;PAN Xiaodong

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804

出　　处：《上海公路》2023年第3期107-115,M0006,共10页Shanghai Highways

摘　　要：隧道口是道路安全敏感地带。车辆由宽敞明亮的公路段驶入封闭昏暗的隧道段时,突变的行车环境易影响驾驶人的速度感知能力,从而诱发追尾事故。基于自然驾驶数据,依据最不利原则,提取了133座隧道口的环境及行车信息。采用考虑随机参数的有序Probit回归方法,针对隧道接近段和隧道入口段,分别构建速度选择模型,并利用似然比检验方法,对比了各模型的优劣。结果显示,隧道接近段和入口段的速度选择影响因素具有显著差异。相对于隧道接近段,隧道入口段的速度选择受坡度和亮度显著影响的范围更广。4.0%~5.0%纵坡和80~100 cd/m2亮度分别对隧道入口段和隧道接近段的速度选择具有随机效应,多数观察值表现为降低高速行驶的可能性。自车周围有小汽车及卡车,均会增加隧道接近段高速行驶的可能性,而隧道入口段的速度选择仅对卡车显著,主要表现为加速行驶。Tunnel portal is a sensitive area for road safety.When vehicles drive from a spacious and bright highway section to a closed and dark tunnel section,the sudden driving environment can easily affect the driver's speed perception ability,thus causing a rear-end collision.To this end,the environment and driving information of 133 tunnels were extracted based on natural driving data according to the most unfavorable conditions.Speed selection models were developed using random parameter ordered Probit method for tunnel approach sections and entrance sections respectively.The likelihood ratio test was conducted to evaluate the difference between models.The results showed that there was a significant difference between approach sections and entrance sections in terms of tunnel speed selection.Compared with the approach sections,speed selection in the tunnel entrance sections was affected by a wider range of slope and luminance.4.0~5.0%longitudinal slope and 80~100 cd/m2 luminance showed random effects on the speed selection of the tunnel entrance and tunnel approach sections respectively,with most of the observed values prone to reduce the possibility of high-speed driving.Furthermore,high-speed driving in tunnel approach sections were observed when other cars and trucks nearby,while similar behaviour was observed in tunnel entrance sections but for trucks nearby situations only.

关 键 词：公路隧道 自然驾驶 速度 离散选择模型 

分 类 号：U495[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] U458[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]