破坏性展演:抑郁症的社会学意涵  

Disruptive Performance:The Sociological Meaning of Depression

作　　者：杨修业 YANG Xiu-ye

机构地区：[1]南京大学社会学院

出　　处：《社会学评论》2023年第5期238-256,共19页Sociological Review of China

摘　　要：抑郁症的本体论问题使得对其讨论陷入了结构论与建构论争议的泥潭,进而限制了研究视野。借助破坏性展演的概念,我们可以还原抑郁症现象:虽然抑郁症发作破坏了社会互动秩序,但它也是患者真实自我和内心极度痛苦的表现。从这一角度来看,每个社会必然存在情感极度痛苦之人,他们以破坏性展演的方式表达和呈现自我。但社会存在一套套规制情感表达的规范,不容许破坏性展演反复出现,这在社会展演理论的视角下可被视为文化脚本。这些文化脚本赋予患者不同的社会角色,在破坏性展演发生后,引导患者以规范化的方式表达痛苦。相比于陷入抑郁症本体论争议,在展演理论的观照下,探究当代社会理解和应对抑郁症的方式及其产生的后果更加合宜且紧迫。The ontological problem makes the study of depression fall into a dilemma between social structuralism and social constructivism,which limits its further exploration.By the concept of disruptive performance,we may have access to the truth of depression.Although the episode of depression disrupts the order of social interaction,it also expresses the real selves and inner sufferings of patients.A lot of people in every society who suffer from extremely emotional pains present themselves in the way of disruptive performance.However,there are social norms that are used to regulate emotional expression forbid the repeated disruptive performance.Under the perspective of social performance theory,we can regard those norms as cultural scripts which give depressive patients new social roles and guide them to present emotional pains in a standardized way.Instead of falling into the ontological argument of depression,it is better to explore the way of understanding and dealing with depression in the perspective of social performance theory.

关 键 词：抑郁症 破坏性展演 社会展演理论 文化脚本 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] C91[医药卫生—临床医学]