大连市青少年吸烟行为现状及尝试吸烟影响因素分析  

Analysis of current situation of adolescent smoking behavior and influencing factors of smoking attempts in Dalian City

作　　者：徐小冬[1] 张玫[1] 叶茜雯 宋桂荣[3] 于明成 王智勇[1] XU Xiaodong;ZHANG Mei;YE Qianwen;SONG Guirong;YU Mingcheng;WANG Zhiyong(Department of Hygiene,Food,School,Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dalian 116035,Liaoning,China;Institution of Scholl Health,Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang 110000,Liaoning,China;Department of Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Dalian Medical University,Dalian 116051,Liaoning,China;Changhai County People’s Hospital,Dalian City,Liaoning Province,Changhai 116599,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]大连市疾病预防控制中心食品学校卫生科,辽宁大连116035 [2]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所,辽宁沈阳110000 [3]大连医科大学公共卫生学院卫生统计教研室,辽宁大连116051 [4]辽宁省大连市长海县人民医院,辽宁长海116599

出　　处：《中国校医》2023年第7期500-503,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：2018年大连市科技创新基金项目(2018J13SN108)。

摘　　要：目的了解大连市青少年学生吸烟行为流行状况及影响因素,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,抽取大连市城乡4084名学生,进行问卷调查。结果青少年学生的现在吸烟率为2.25%,其中男生为3.51%,女生为0.87%;小学高年级(四至六年级)学生为0.46%,初中生为0.56%,高中生为1.42%,职高学生为9.00%,大学生为12.30%。首次尝试吸烟年龄未满9岁的占15.93%,未满11岁的占29.67%,未满13岁的占46.15%。10~22岁青少年学生被动吸烟率为38.27%。尝试吸烟率,农村初中(χ^(2)=6.071,P=0.014)、城区高中(χ^(2)=12.667,P<0.001)、农村高中(χ^(2)=4.815,P=0.028)、职业高中(χ^(2)=13.286,P<0.001)、大学(χ^(2)=16.420,P<0.001)都有性别差异,男生高于女生;农村初中男生高于城区初中(χ^(2)=7.007,P=0.008)。有不健康饮食行为、不走人行横道、打架、去不安全的地方游泳、曾饮酒的青少年学生尝试吸烟的可能性更大;常态家庭的青少年学生尝试吸烟的可能性小。结论大连市青少年学生现在吸烟率高,青少年学生尝试吸烟与多种健康危险行为有关联,与家庭因素有关联。Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of smoking behavior among young students in Dalian City,so as to provide evidence for formulating interventions.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 4084 urban and rural students in Dalian City for a questionnaire survey.Results The smoking rate among adolescent students was 2.25%,of which 3.51%were boys and 0.87%were girls,0.46%were upper elementary school students(grades 4-6),0.56%were junior high school students,1.42%were high school students,9.00%were vocational high school students,and 12.30%were university students.Totally 15.93%of the first attempts were under 9 years of age,29.67%were under 11 years old,and 46.15%were under 13 years old.The passive smoking rate of young students aged 10-22 was 38.27%.The rate of smoking attempts was found in rural junior high schools(χ^(2)=6.071,P=0.014),urban high schools(χ^(2)=12.667,P<0.001),rural high schools(χ^(2)=4.815,P=0.028),vocational high school(χ^(2)=13.286,P<0.001),university(χ^(2)=16.420,P<0.001),and there were gender differences,with boys being higher than girls,and boys in rural junior high schools being higher than those in urban junior high schools(χ^(2)=7.007,P=0.008).Teenage students with unhealthy eating behaviors did,not walking crosswalks,fighting,swimming in unsafe places,and who had consumed alcohol were more likely to try smoking.However,adolescent students from normal families were less likely to try smoking.Conclusion The smoking rate of adolescent students in Dalian City is high,and the attempts to smoke among them are associated with a variety of health risk behaviors and family factors.

关 键 词：吸烟 青少年 学生 健康危险行为 流行病学研究 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]