基于无人机摄影测量的露天矿边坡非连续变形分析  

Discontinuous Deformation Analysis of Open-pit Slope Based on Photogrammetry of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

作　　者：李金威 LI Jinwei(College of Continuing Education,Huanghe Jiaotong University,Jiaozuo 454950,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河交通学院继续教育学院,河南焦作454950

出　　处：《金属矿山》2023年第9期134-139,共6页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51474050)。

摘　　要：岩体结构面在很大程度上影响了露天矿岩质边坡的稳定性。为提高岩质边坡结构面信息获取的精度及获取动态破坏过程的能量耗散问题,首先借助无人机非接触摄影测量的优势,提出无人机多层次全方位摄影测量方法获取露天矿边坡结构面信息;其次对动态破坏过程施加黏性阻尼,实现能量耗散,并与试验结果进行对比;最后应用所提方法对某露天矿岩质边坡进行非连续变形分析(Discontinuous Deformation Analysis,DDA)。研究结果表明:多层次全方位无人机摄影测量方法对于边坡结构面信息的采集精度良好,施加2.45%~2.53%黏性阻尼的非连续变形分析结果与试验结果基本一致。对某露天矿岩质边坡实际破坏过程的模拟效果良好,且DDA分析得出的滑落面位置与现场位移监测分析结果一致;滑落面安全系数为1.167,处于失稳临界状态,故应提前剥离上覆预失稳岩体,从源头上解决该边坡的滑坡灾害问题。所提方法也适用于其他结构面发育的边坡体分析。The rock mass structural plane affects the stability of rock slope in open-pit mine to a great extent.In order to improve the accuracy of rock slope structural plane information acquisition and energy dissipation in dynamic failure process,a multi-layer and omni-directional photogrammetry method is proposed to obtain surface information of open-pit slope with the ad-vantage of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)non-contact photogrammetry.Secondly,viscous damping is applied to the dynamic failure process to achieve energy dissipation,and the results are compared with the test results.Finally,the proposed method was applied to Discontinuous Deformation Analysis(DDA)of a rock slope in an open-pit mine.The study results show that the multilayer and omnidirectional UAV photogrammetry method has a good accuracy in collecting the information of slope structur-al surface,and the analysis results of discontinuous deformation with 2.45%~2.53%viscous damping are basically consistent with the experimental results.The simulation results of the actual failure process of a rock slope in an open-pit mine are good,and the position of the sliding surface obtained by DDA analysis is consistent with the results of in-situ displacement monito-ring.The safety factor of sliding surface is 1.167,which is in the critical state of instability.Therefore,the overlying pre-unsta-ble rock mass should be stripped in advance to solve the problem of landslide hazard from the source.The proposed method can also be applied to the slope body analysis with other structural plane development.

关 键 词：露天矿岩质边坡 无人机 结构面 DDA 能量耗散 多层次全方位 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设] P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]