湄公河上游沙湾拿吉-桔井区域水生态功能分区研究  

Regionalizing Hydroecological Function in the Savannakhet-Kratie Area of Mekong River

作　　者：张道熙 赵娜[1] 韩东枫 邱娟 金瑶 陈小娟[1] 史方[1] ZHANG Dao-xi;ZHAO Na;HAN Dong-feng;QIU Juan;JIN Yao;CHEN Xiao-juan;SHI Fang(Key laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources,Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430079,P.R.China;Shandong Provincial Climate Center,Jinan 250031,P.R.China;Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,P.R.Chinaa)

机构地区：[1]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,湖北武汉430079 [2]山东省气候中心,山东济南250031 [3]中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2023年第5期33-40,共8页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：中国-东盟国家防洪抗旱应急管理合作项目资助。

摘　　要：系统梳理湄公河上游区域的地貌、河网、土壤、土地类型等生境特征,进行水生态功能一二级分区,为跨界水生态系统综合规划、治理与保护及流域可持续发展提供科学依据。以湄公河干流老挝沙湾拿吉-柬埔寨桔井段及重要支流为研究区域,结合生境要素空间异质性,利用空间聚类法对其进行水生态功能分区研究。研究结果表明,基于区域地貌特征提取的水生态2个一级区能较好地体现区域水资源分配状况和供给功能;基于流域水系河网、土壤及土地利用特征提取的5个二级分区能反映人类活动对区域水生生境及水质的影响。水文、水生生物及水质数据分别验证了分区结果的合理性。Global warming,water resource development and utilization,and intensified human activities,pose a serious threat to aquatic ecosystem health in the Mekong River basin,and make regional socioeconomic development difficult.In this study,the mainstream of Mekong River between Savannakhet in Laos and Kratie in Cambodia,together with several key tributaries were selected for research.Regions of aquatic ecological function were delineated based on a water ecological function evaluation index developed as part of the study.The evaluation index consisted of two primary indices(elevation and slope)and five secondary indices(river density,soil type,proportion of farmland area,proportion of forest area and degree of soil erosion).Spatial heterogeneity of habitat elements and spatial clustering were used to delineate regions according to aquatic ecological function.The investigated area included two Level 1 water ecological function zones and five Level 2 water ecological function zones.The Level 1 ecological zones were based on the regional geomorphic features and well-represent the distribution and supply functions of regional water resources.The Level 2 zones derived from the river network,soil and land use characteristics of the watershed reflecting the impact of human activities on regional aquatic habitat and water quality.The water ecological function zones were verified using data on hydrology,aquatic organisms,and water quality.The results of this study provide scientific support for water resource management and hydroecological protection of transboundary rivers.

关 键 词：水生态功能分区 分区指标 空间聚类 水资源管理 湄公河 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济] X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程]