手性茚虫威对家蚕的急性毒性效应  

The acute toxic effects of chiral indoxacarb on Bombyx mori

作　　者：赵文宇 张洁[1] 郑世祥 汪心雨 苏小婷 范咏梅[1] ZHAO Wenyu;ZHANG Jie;ZHENG Shixiang;WANG Xinyu;SU Xiaoting;FAN Yongmei(College of Plant Protection/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Green Management of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学植物保护学院/热带农林生物灾害绿色防控教育部重点实验室,海口570228

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2023年第5期514-520,共7页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860514,32360684);海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(321RC479)。

摘　　要：为了评价茚虫威原药及其2种手性异构体对家蚕的毒性效应,以家蚕(Bombyx mori)为生物模型,使用喷雾法测定茚虫威原药和其异构体诱导家蚕体内抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性的变化。结果表明,茚虫威原药、(+)-S-茚虫威和(−)-R-茚虫威对家蚕的96 hLC50分别为0.379、0.041和0.113 mg·kg^(−1),(+)-S-茚虫威和(−)-R-茚虫威的毒性等级均为剧毒。(+)-R-茚虫威的LC50是(−)-S-茚虫威的2.75倍,茚虫威的2种手性对映体对家蚕的毒性具有对映选择性。茚虫威的共毒系数为12.868,(+)-S-茚虫威和(−)-R-茚虫威之间为拮抗作用。茚虫威诱导家蚕产生氧化应激反应,SOD活性和CAT活性在茚虫威原药处理组中和对照相比均显著上升,其中SOD活性在(+)-S-茚虫威和(−)-R-茚虫威处理组中的0.730、1.460和2.920 mg·kg^(−1)显著上升,CAT活性在(+)-S-茚虫威和(−)-R-茚虫威处理组中除0.183 mg·kg^(−1)外均显著上升。POD活性在茚虫威原药、(+)-S-茚虫威和(−)-R-茚虫威3个处理组中均下降。茚虫威原药对SOD、CAT和POD的作用效果低于(+)-S-茚虫威和(−)-R-茚虫威的单独作用之和,(+)-S-茚虫威和(−)-R-茚虫威混合使用对家蚕氧化应激的诱导具有拮抗作用。在田间使用茚虫威时,必须远离桑园,以免对家蚕造成危害。Indoxacarb belongs to oxadiazine insecticide,which blocks the insect sodium channel.Lepidopteran pests,such as Cotton Bollworm,Plutella xylostella,and Spodoptera litura,were effectively controlled by indoxacarb.The scholars have focused on the selective toxicity of indoxacarb isomers to non-target organisms.In this study the acute toxicity of indoxacarb and its isomers,(+)-S-indoxacarb and(−)-R-indoxacarb,on the silkworm Bombyx mori was evaluated by spray method.Additionally,the toxic effects of indoxacarb and its isomers on the silkworm were evaluated by measuring the changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and peroxidase(POD)in the silkworm.The results showed that the 96 h-LC50 of indoxacarb,(+)-S-indoxacarb and(−)-R-indoxacarb to the silkworm were 0.379,0.041 and 0.113 mg·kg^(−1) mulberry leaf,respectively.The(+)-S-indoxacarb and(−)-R-indoxacarb were highly toxic to the silkworm.The 96 h-LC50 of the(+)-S-indoxacarb was 2.750 folds higher than that of the(−)-R-indoxacarb,which suggested an enantioselective toxicity to the silkworms.The mixture of the(+)-S-indoxacarb and(−)-Rindoxacarb showed an antagonism effect with the co-toxicity coefficient being 12.868.The activities of SOD and CAT in the silkworm were significantly increased in the indoxacarb treatment groups,which induced oxidative stress in the silkworm.The activities of SOD significantly increased in the(+)-S-indoxacarb and(−)-R-indoxacarb treatment groups with the concentrations of 0.730,1.460,and 2.920 mg·kg^(−1) mulberry leaf.The activities of CAT significantly increased in the(+)-S-indoxacarb and(−)-R-indoxacarb treatment groups with all the concentrations except the concentration of 0.183 mg·kg^(−1).The activities of POD were decreased in all the indoxacarb treatment groups.The effect of indoxacarb on SOD,CAT and POD was lower than the sum of the individual effects of the(+)-S-indoxacarb and(−)-R-indoxacarb,indicating that the mixture of the(+)-Sindoxacarb and(−)-R-indoxac

关 键 词：茚虫威 手性异构体 家蚕 对映选择性 氧化应激 

分 类 号：S482[农业科学—农药学]