支遁般若“即色义”的内涵及相关问题  

A new exploration into the connotations of Zhi Dun's Jise Theory of Prajna and its related issues

作　　者：汪伟 WANG Wei(Shool of Humanities,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学人文学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期33-41,共9页Journal of Central South University：Social Sciences

基　　金：中南大学博士后科研启动项目(140050002)。

摘　　要：魏晋佛学名家支遁提出的般若“即色义”在哲学史上具有重要价值,但因为直接史料的匮乏,其含义一直众说纷纭。全面分析支遁的存世文献,发现般若“即色义”具有三层含义:色由于因缘无常、不能自有,有事用却是空(“色即为空”);色毕竟有事用,并非断灭虚空(“色复异空”);证悟般若要求以“凝神”状态打破“色”“心”二执,既超脱于色的事用,也不执迷于般若本身。“即色义”中色、心二分的思维结构不仅构成了支遁诠释“逍遥新义”的理论基础,还深刻地影响了其弟子郗超的般若空观。支遁“即色义”已然十分接近僧肇的般若中观理论,“色即为空”便意味着“缘起性空”,但“色复异空”不同于“缘起假有”,只是强调了色的事用。The Jise Theory of Prajna proposed by Zhi Dun, a renowned Buddhist scholar at Wei-Jin period had great influential value in the development of the ancient Chinese philosophy. Due to the lack of historical literature, it is hard to understand the connotations of Jise Theory. Through a comprehensive analysis of the surviving literature of Zhi Dun, it is found that the Jise Theory has three layers of implications. Everything is impermanent due to its unexpected fate and resulting from sunyata and karma(Se is karma);anyhow, Se is existing, unalienated from sunyata(repeated Se differs from sunyata);the enlightenment of Prajna requires neither being infatuated with the temptation of everything, nor being infatuated with Prajna itself, but breaking the two obsessions of "things" and "mind", and being indifferent to everything via concentrating. The dichotomy between things and mind in Jise Theory not only constituted the basis for his interpretation of the new meanings of "the peripatetic", but also deeply influenced his disciple Xi Chao's idea of sunyata. Zhi Dun's Jise Theory is very close to the thoughts of Seng Zhao on the Prajna in that when it says that Se is sunyata, it means that fate is sunyata. But "repeated Se being different from sunyata" differs from "the fate pretending to be" , just that the function of Se is emphasized.

关 键 词：支遁 即色义 因缘 凝神 至人之心 

分 类 号：B235.9[哲学宗教—中国哲学]