酚醛纤维形态结构和性能测试分析  

Analysis of Morphological Structure and Performance Test of Phenolic Fiber

作　　者：吴俊霖 江慧[2] 张洪亮 汪军[2] WU Junlin;JIANG Hui;ZHANG Hongliang;WANG Jun(Shanghai Composites Science&Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201112,China;Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Logistics Support and Service Center of Shanghai Customs,Shanghai 200120,China)

机构地区：[1]上海复合材料科技有限公司,上海201112 [2]东华大学,上海201620 [3]上海海关后勤管理中心,上海200120

出　　处：《纺织器材》2023年第5期27-31,共5页Textile Accessories

摘　　要：为了给我国酚醛纤维的制备、纺纱及应用提供参考,介绍酚醛纤维性能特点和国外发展情况;通过对微观结构、线密度、强度、回潮率、比电阻等指标的测试,详细分析我国自主研发的酚醛纤维在结构形态、力学性能、热学性能以及纤维官能团、循环单元等方面的优势和不足。结果表明:酚醛纤维的线密度与羊毛纤维相当,表面光滑、无凹槽;强力偏低,易产生断头和缠绕;回潮率较低、比电阻大,易产生静电;只含有C,H,O 3种元素,高温燃烧无有毒气体,阻燃耐热性能较好。指出:可通过降低固化温度、降低纤维表面光洁程度、提高纤维表面摩擦因数、降低纤维线密度等改善酚醛纤维性能,且可与毛型纤维混纺开发阻燃织物。In order to provide reference for the preparation,spinning and application of phenolic fiber in our country,the performance properties and developments abroad of phenolic fiber are introduced.By testing microstructure,linear density,strength,moisture regain,electrical resistivity and other indexes,the advantages and disadvantages of phenolic fibers developed by our country in morphological structure,mechanical properties,thermal properties,and functional groups and cycle units of fiber are analyzed in detail.The results show that the linear density of phenolic fiber is similar to that of wool fiber,and the surface is smooth without grooves.Strength of phenolic fiber is low,so it is easy to produce broken and winding;moisture regain of phenolic fiber is low,and electrical resistivity of phenolic fiber is large,so it is easy to produce static electricity;phenolic fiber contains only three elements of C,H,O,so high temperature combustion is without toxic gas,and flame retardant and heat resistance is good.It is pointed out that the properties of phenolic fiber can be improved by adjusting the process parameters such as reducing the curing temperature,improving surface roughness of fiber,increasing the friction factor of fiber surface and reducing the linear density of fiber,and phenolic fiber can be blended with wool fiber to develop flame retardant fabric.

关 键 词：酚醛纤维 形态结构 性能测试 热重 红外光谱 质谱 色谱 

分 类 号：TS102.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]