尤那托夫及《蒙古人民共和国放牧地和刈草地的饲用植物》  

Yunatov and His Forage Plants for Grazing and Mowing Fields in the People's Republic of Mongolia

作　　者：乌柴夫 高微微 张艳英[3] Wurchaih;GAO Weiwei;ZHANG Yanying(Institute for the History of Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;Culture,Tourism and Sports Bureau of Harqin Banner,Chifeng 024000,I nner Mongolia,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古赤峰市喀喇沁旗文化旅游体育局,内蒙古赤峰024000 [3]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《内蒙古师范大学学报（自然科学汉文版）》2023年第5期463-468,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究资助项目(NJZY22565)。

摘　　要：苏联地植物学家尤那托夫(АлександрАфанасьевичЮнатов,1909-1967)是系统研究蒙古国野生饲用植物资源的第一人,也是在蒙古高原及其邻近地区,首次采用民族植物学(Ethnobotany)学科名词并运用民间访谈调查经典方法研究蒙古民族传统植物学知识的科学家。《蒙古人民共和国放牧地和刈草地的饲用植物》是尤那托夫经过11年的野外调查和民间访谈调查而撰写的饲用植物研究专著,首次从饲用角度对蒙古人民共和国的所有野生植物加以鉴定,同时高度概括在蒙古人民共和国游牧业的条件下饲用植物利用的总体状况、各种放牧地和刈草地的特征、饲用植物的蒙古名称、形态特征、适口性、营养成分、民间用途等相关植物文化。在较为全面总结尤那托夫科学研究工作和分析其专著的基础上,通过对该专著所记载饲用植物信息以及相关传统植物知识进行了整理、对比、核查和研究,该专著的研究思路、研究方式、研究内容对中国饲用植物种植资源的研究提供了全方位的优质案例,对中国饲用植物种质资源研究和探索具有理论和实践指导意义。Yunatov(АлександрАфанасьевичЮнатов,1910-1967),Soviet Union botanist,(А.А.Yunatov)was the first person who systematically research the wild forage plant resources of Mongolia.And he also adopted for the first time the term ethnobotany in the Mongolian plateau and its adjacent areas and used the folk interview survey,the classic method of ethnobotany,to study the traditional botanical knowledge of the Mongolian nation.The book“Forage Plants for Grazing and Mowing Fields in the People's Republic of Mongolia”is Yunatov's research work on forage plants,which finished based on 11 years of field investigation and folk interview and was the first to identify all wild plants in the People's Republic of Mongolia from a feeding perspective.In the book,the general situation of forage plants utilization under the conditions of Mongolian nomadic industry,the characteristics of various grazing and mowing fields,the Mongolian names of the plants,morphological characteristics,distribution,ecological characteristics,palatability,nutrition components,folk uses and related plant cultures of 554 species of forage plants were comprehensively described.Based on closely retracing of Yunatov's research work and deep analysis of the book,the information of forage plants and related traditional plant knowledge recorded in the book were organized,compared,checked and studied in the paper.Meanwhile,the research ideas,methods and contents of the book also provided a comprehensive,visible and tangible case for the research of forage plant germplasm resources in China,and had theoretical and practical guiding significance for the research and exploration of China's forage plant germplasm resources.This article also briefly profiled Yunatov and his achievements in plant science research,as well as the significant influence of his work.

关 键 词：尤那托夫 植物科学 《蒙古人民共和国放牧地和刈草地的饲用植物》 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]