南麂海域“海大系列”长牡蛎新品种筏式笼养效果评估  

Evaluation of the Effect of Raft Culture of“Haida Series”Crassostrea gigas Varieties in Nanji Sea Area

作　　者：黄俊杭 陈舜 房景辉 倪孝品[4] 陈万东 谢尚微 于瑞海 郑小东[1] Huang Junhang;Chen Shun;Fang Jinghui;Ni Xiaopin;Chen Wandong;Xie Shangwei;Yu Ruihai;Zheng Xiaodong(Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China),Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China;State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China;Nanji Islands National Marine Nature Reserve Administration,Wenzhou 325400,China)

机构地区：[1]海水养殖教育部重点实验室(中国海洋大学),山东青岛266003 [2]海水养殖生物育种与可持续产出全国重点实验室(中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所),山东青岛266071 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [4]南麂列岛国家海洋自然保护区管理局,浙江温州325400

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第11期24-32,共9页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2019YFD0900803);南麂列岛国家级海洋自然保护区院士专家工作站研究项目(NJKJ-2020-002)资助。

摘　　要：为探究在南麂海域进行长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)筏式笼养的效果,本研究选用“海大系列”长牡蛎新品种(海大1号、海大2号和海大3号),在南麂海域马祖岙海区开展筏式笼养实验。按月份进行周年跟踪测定该海域的环境因子和长牡蛎个体的生长指标。研究表明:南麂海域周年水温变化范围为10.50~28.12℃,盐度平均为29.14,pH平均为7.93;叶绿素a含量为0.42~6.64μg/L,颗粒有机物含量为2.41~11.32 mg/L;海水中氮磷比范围为2.51~39.06。实验结束时,三个品种中,海大1号和海大3号长牡蛎的湿质量显著高于海大2号(P<0.05),壳高无显著性差异(P>0.05),湿质量的特定生长率均在1月最高,肥满度在6月最高。三个品种的湿质量增加量均与水温、盐度和叶绿素a含量呈正相关关系(P<0.05),与铵盐含量呈负相关关系(P<0.05)。Logistic模型对三个品种的湿质量变化曲线拟合效果最好。本研究结果表明,在南麂海域筏式笼养“海大系列”长牡蛎新品种具可行性,其中,海大1号长牡蛎新品种的养殖效果最好。In this study,new varieties of Crassostrea gigas including Haida No.1,Haida No.2,and Haida No.3 were selected out from“Haida series”to investigate the feasibility of raft cage culture of C.gigas in Nanji sea area.Experiments using raft cages were conducted in Mazuao Sea area of Nanji Sea area.Environmental parameters in the sea area and C.gigas growth indicators were tracked and assessed month by month.The findings suggested that the yearly water temperature in Nanji sea area ranges from 10.50 to 28.12℃with an average salinity of 29.14 and a generally steady pH of 7.93.Chlorophyll a content varies between 0.42 and 6.64μg/L,and particulate organic matter content ranges from 2.41 to 11.32 mg/L.The nitrogen to phosphorus ratio in saltwater ranges from 2.51 to 39.06.The wet weight of C.gigas Haida No.1 and Haida No.3 was significantly higher than that of Haida No.2 at the end of the experiment(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in shell height among three varieties(P>0.05).The wet weight specific growth rate of the three varieties was highest in January,and the condition index was highest in June.Water temperature,salinity and chlorophyll a content were all positively connected with wet weight gain of three varieties(P<0.05)whereas ammonium salt content was negative correlated(P<0.05).On the wet weight change curves of the three types,the logistic model fit the best.It was discovered in this study that new varieties of C.gigas from“Haida series”can be cultured in raft cages in Nanji sea area.

关 键 词：南麂海域 长牡蛎 新品种 筏式养殖 效果评估 生长模型 

分 类 号：S967.7[农业科学—水产养殖]