3种工业大麻副产物对奶牛的营养价值  

Nutritional Value of Three Industrial Hemp Byproducts for Dairy Cows

作　　者：王一强 吴清华 马浩凯 李洋[1] 张永根[1] WANG Yiqiang;WU Qinghua;MA Haokai;LI Yang;ZHANG Yonggen(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第9期5765-5774,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部——国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS36);东农学者计划“学术骨干”项目(22XG35)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究工业大麻蒸馏副产物、工业大麻乙醇提取副产物和工业大麻叶3种副产物的营养价值,为工业大麻副产物作为非常规饲料资源在奶牛生产中的应用提供理论支持。本试验采用常规化学分析方法测定3种工业大麻副产物(n=5)的常规营养成分;使用康奈尔净碳水化合物和蛋白质体系(CNCPS)法分析碳水化合物和蛋白质组分;使用瘤胃原位尼龙袋技术测定瘤胃原位降解参数;使用三步体外法评价小肠消化率;根据美国国家科学、工程和医学科学院(NASEM)的模型估算消化能值。结果表明:1)3种不同工业大麻副产物之间的营养成分差异很大。工业大麻蒸馏副产物的脂肪、粗蛋白质和非蛋白氮含量最高;工业大麻乙醇提取副产物的粗灰分和磷含量最高;工业大麻叶的可溶性蛋白质、中性洗涤不溶蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维和淀粉含量最高。2)工业大麻蒸馏副产物的中速降解蛋白质和不可利用氮含量最高;工业大麻乙醇提取副产物的不可利用氮、中速降解碳水化合物和不可降解碳水化合物含量最低;工业大麻叶的快速降解蛋白质、碳水化合物和中速降解碳水化合物含量最高。3)工业大麻蒸馏副产物的干物质、粗蛋白质和中性洗涤纤维的瘤胃有效降解率显著高于其他2种副产物(P<0.05);工业大麻乙醇提取副产物的瘤胃非降解蛋白质瘤胃有效降解率显著高于其他2种副产物(P<0.05)。4)工业大麻蒸馏副产物的全肠道消化蛋白质水平显著高于工业大麻叶(P<0.05)。5)工业大麻乙醇提取副产物和工业大麻叶之间的能值差异不显著(P>0.05),而工业大麻蒸馏副产物的能值显著高于前两者(P<0.05)。3种工业大麻副产物具有较高的营养价值,且营养成分和降解特性各不相同,可以作为非常规饲料资源加入奶牛的饲粮配方当中。This experiment was conducted to study the nutritional value of three byproducts of industrial hemp distillation byproduct,industrial hemp ethanol extraction byproduct and industrial hemp leaf,and to provide theoretical support for the application of industrial hemp byproducts as unconventional feed resources in dairy cow production.The conventional nutritional components of three industrial hemp byproducts were determined by conventional chemical analysis.The carbohydrate and protein components were analyzed by the Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system(CNCPS)method.The rumen in situ nylon bag technique was used to deter-mine rumen in situ degradation parameters.The small intestinal digestibility was evaluated by a three-step in vitro method.Digestive energy values were estimated from the National Academy of Sciences,Engineering and Medical Sciences(NASEM)model.The results showed as follows:1)the nutritional composition of the three kinds of industrial hemp byproducts were very different.The industrial hemp distillation byproduct had the high-est contents of ether extract,crude protein and non-protein nitrogen.The industrial hemp ethanol extraction by-product had the highest contents of ash and phosphorus.The industrial hemp leaf contained the highest soluble protein,neutral detergent insoluble protein,neutral detergent fiber and starch.2)The industrial hemp distil-lation byproduct contained the highest medium speed degraded protein and unavailable nitrogen.The industrial hemp ethanol extraction byproduct had the lowest unavailable nitrogen,medium rate degradable carbohydrate and non-degradable carbohydrate.The industrial hemp leaf contained the highest fast degrading protein,carbo-hydrate and medium degrading carbohydrate.3)The rumen effective degradation rates of dry matter,crude protein and neutral detergent fiber of industrial hemp distillation byproduct were significantly higher than those of the other two byproducts(P<0.05);the rumen non-degradable protein of the industrial hemp ethanol ex-traction by

关 键 词：工业大麻副产物 营养价值 瘤胃降解特性 小肠消化率 能值 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]