丁酸梭菌、葡萄糖氧化酶和迷迭香提取物组方对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫功能和盲肠微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Clostridium butyricum,Glucose Oxidase and Rosemary Extract Formulas on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Immune Function and Cecal Microflora of Meat Rabbits

作　　者：刘公言 闫先峰 吴志强 张印[1] 张云海 张雅佳 周贝贝 任启峰 孙海涛[1] LIU Gongyan;YAN Xianfeng;WU Zhiqiang;ZHANG Yin;ZHANG Yunhai;ZHANG Yajia;ZHOU Beibei;REN Qifeng;SUN Haitao(Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multiomics of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding,Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ji’nan 250100,China;Shandong Animal Husbandry Station,Ji’nan 250100,China;Pingyi County Animal Husbandry Development Promotion Center,Pingyi 273300,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点实验室,农业农村部畜禽生物组学重点实验室,济南250100 [2]山东省畜牧总站,济南250100 [3]平邑县畜牧发展促进中心,平邑273300

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第9期5942-5953,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS⁃43⁃G⁃7);山东省农业良种工程项目(2021LGZC002);山东省农业科学院揭榜科技难题项目(SHJB2022⁃60);山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所揭榜科技难题项目(JB2022⁃01)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌、葡萄糖氧化酶和迷迭香提取物组方对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫功能和盲肠微生物区系的影响,为家兔替抗产品研发提供理论参考。试验选用28日龄断奶的商品伊拉肉兔500只(公母各占1/2),随机分为5组,每组10个重复,每个重复10只。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂添加100 g/t丁酸梭菌+1 kg/t迷迭香提取物(Ⅱ组)、100 g/t丁酸梭菌+100 g/t葡萄糖氧化酶(Ⅲ组)、1 kg/t迷迭香提取物+100 g/t葡萄糖氧化酶(Ⅳ组)及100 g/t丁酸梭菌+1 kg/t迷迭香提取物+100 g/t葡萄糖氧化酶(Ⅴ组)的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:1)Ⅴ组的终末体重、平均日增重和成活率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),腹泻率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。Ⅴ组的宰前活体重显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组的十二指肠谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组的十二指肠丙二醛(MDA)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组的十二指肠总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)Ⅴ组的空肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组的回肠黏膜分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),回肠黏膜干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);Ⅴ组的回肠黏膜肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。5)Ⅲ组和Ⅴ组的盲肠疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组的盲肠酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。Ⅴ组的盲肠克曼菌属(Akkermansia)、果胶单核菌属(Monoglobus)和疣微菌属UCG-010(Verrucomicrobium_UCG-010)相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组的盲肠马赛菌属(Mas-silia)相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加�This study aimed to study the effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum,glucose oxidase and rosemar-y extract formulas on growth performance,slaughter performance,immune function and cecal microflora of meat rabbits,and to provide a theoretical reference for the research and development of anti-feed additives in rabbits.A total 500 commercial Hyla rabbits(half male and female)weaned at 28-day-old were randomly di-vided into 5 groups with 10 replicates in each group and 10 rabbits in each replicate.Rabbits in the control group(groupⅠ)were fed a basal diet,and others in experimental groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 100 g/t Clostridium butyrinate+1 kg/t rosemary extract(groupⅡ),100 g/t Clostridium butyrinate+100 g/t glucose oxidase(groupⅢ),1 kg/t rosemary extract+100 g/t glucose oxidase(groupⅣ)and 100 g/t Clostridium butyrate+1 kg/t rosemary extract+100 g/t glucose oxidase(groupⅤ),respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for 7 days,and the experimental period lasted for 30 days.The results showed as follows:1)the final body weight,average daily gain and survival rate of groupⅤwere significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the diarrhea rate was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The pre-slaughter body weight of groupⅤwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).2)The duodenal glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity of groupsⅡ,ⅣandⅤwas significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),the duodenal malondialdehyde(MDA)content of groupsⅣandⅤwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the duodenal total an-tioxidant capacity(T-AOC)of groupsⅡ,Ⅲ,ⅣandⅤwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).3)The jejunal villus height of groupⅤwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).4)The ileal mucosal secretory immunoglobulin A(sIgA)content of groupsⅡ,Ⅲ,ⅣandⅤwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the ileal m

关 键 词：丁酸梭菌 葡萄糖氧化酶 迷迭香提取物 肉兔 生长性能 免疫功能 微生物区系 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]