枯草芽孢杆菌对马铃薯的促生防病效应  

Effects of Bacillus subtilis on growth promotion and disease control of potato

作　　者：胡金雪 樊建英[1] 相丛超 贾明飞 封志明[1] 李东玉[1] 张淑青[1] HU Jinxue;FAN Jianying;XIANG Congchao;JIA Mingfei;FENG Zhiming;LI Dongyu;ZHANGShuqing(Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science,Shijiazhuang 050021,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄市农林科学研究院,石家庄050021

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2023年第10期121-128,共8页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系薯类产业创新团队专项(HBCT2023060201);河北省重点研发计划项目-现代种业科技创新专项(21326336D);石家庄市科技计划项目(221490062A)。

摘　　要：以中原二作区主栽品种中薯5号为材料,比较5种不同药剂处理对马铃薯种薯萌发、生长、叶绿素含量、产量和疮痂病防治效果的影响,进一步明确枯草芽孢杆菌对马铃薯促生防病的潜力。枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂处理可以促进种薯萌发,在发芽势、萌芽质量、芽长等营养参数方面均优于其他处理;在收获期,株高、茎粗、叶片数、叶面积分别比对照增加了8.81%、18.45%、19.72%、12.07%,优于其他药剂处理;此外,叶片中叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量比对照分别显著提高11.76%、65.90%、77.71%;马铃薯产量较对照CK增产14.51%,防治效果达到49.35%,显著优于其他药剂处理对马铃薯疮痂病的防治效果。基于PCA主成分分析结果显示,植株主茎数、叶绿素含量、萌芽鲜质量、活力指数及收获期的株高、茎粗、叶面积与产量之间呈正相关;防效越好,产量越高;疮痂病的防效与收获期株高、茎粗、叶面积之间无相关性;病薯率、病情指数与防效、产量之间呈负相关;生物防治效果优于化学防治。以上结果表明,枯草芽孢杆菌生物制剂能更好地促进马铃薯生长,增加产量,抑制马铃薯疮痂病发生,具有生产实践价值。Zhongshu No.5,the main cultivar in the second cropping area of central plains,was used as material.The effects of five medicinal treatments on the sprouting of seed potato,plant growth,chlorophyll content,yield and the control effect of scab disease were compared to further clarify the potential of Bacillus subtilis on potato bio-promoting disease prevention.The results showed that B.subtilis can promote seed potato germination,which is superior to the other treatments in terms of germination potential,bud weight and bud length.Meanwhile,the plant height,stem thick,number of blades and leaf area increased by 8.81%,18.45%,19.72%and 12.07%,respectively,compared with CK,which was significantly better than other medicinal treatments on bio-promoting.In addition,the total chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and chlorophyll were also significantly increased by 11.76%,65.90%and 77.71%,respectively,than the other treatments.Compared with CK,the production was increased by 14.51%,and the prevent reached 49.35%,which was significantly better than the other medicinal treatments.Based on PCA principal component analysis,main stems number,chlorophyll content,bud fresh weight,vitality index,plant height,stem diameter,leaf area at harvest stage were positively correlated with yield.There was no relationship between the control effect of scab and plant height,stem diameter and leaf area at harvest time.There is a negative correlation between diseased potato rate,disease index to prevent and the yield.Biological control is more effective than chemical control.These results indicated that B.subtilis could better promote potato growth,increase yield and inhibit potato scab.

关 键 词：马铃薯 枯草芽孢杆菌 促生 防病 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]