电液比例减压阀的设计与优化  

Design and optimization of electro-hydraulic proportional pressure reducing valve

作　　者：王晓凯 马强 WANG Xiaokai;MA Qiang(Taiyuan Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,China Coal Technology and Engineering Group,Taiyuan 030006,China;Shanxi Tiandi Coal Mining Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030006,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Coal Mining Machinery,Taiyuan,030006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司,山西太原030006 [2]山西天地煤机装备有限公司,山西太原030006 [3]煤矿采掘机械装备国家工程实验室,山西太原030006

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2023年第8期176-181,共6页Coal Engineering

基　　金：山西省科技成果转化引导专项(202104021301066)。

摘　　要：为提高电液比例阀的性能和寿命,通过对比设计参数、优化阀芯阀体结构,对电液比例减压阀进行了设计研究。首先,基于阀的压力振幅对电信号颤振频率进行了选择,基于阀在各位置的泄漏量,对阀芯阀体配合间隙进行了选择。然后,针对阀最大电流、最大压力时的状态,对阀的性能进行了可视化分析,发现液压油在阀口处流速最高,在阀芯凸肩处存在负压容易造成气蚀,湍动能也最大。根据分析结果,对减压阀的结构进行了优化。最后,设计了一套测试系统对比例阀进行了检验测试。研究和检验结果表明,在电流频率为100 Hz,阀芯、阀体配合间隙为5~6μm时,此比例减压阀有良好的压力特性和电流-压力特性;在阀芯凸肩处增加斜角和倒圆,在阀体阀口处增加环形槽能够有效抑制气穴的产生,降低阀芯卡紧的概率,减少能量的损失,改善阀的性能。In order to improve the performance and life of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve,the design and research of the electro-hydraulic proportional pressure reducing valve were carried out by comparing the design parameters and optimizing the structure of the valve core and valve body.First,the vibration frequency of the electrical signal was selected based on the pressure amplitude of the valve,and the fitting clearance of the valve core and valve body was selected based on the leakage amount of the valve at each position.Then,according to the state of the valve's maximum current and maximum pressure,the performance of the valve was visually analyzed,and it was found that the hydraulic oil had the highest flow rate at the valve port,and the negative pressure at the valve core shoulder would cause cavitation,and the turbulent kinetic energy was also the largest.According to the analysis results,the structure of the pressure reducing valve was optimized.Finally,a test system was designed for the proportional.The research and inspection results show that,when the current frequency is 100 Hz and the matching gap between the valve core and the valve body is 5~6μm,the valve has good step characteristics and currentpressure characteristics;increasing the bevel and rounding at the shoulder of the valve core and increasing the annular groove at the valve port of the valve body can effectively inhibit the cavitation,reduce the probability of the valve core clamping,reduce the loss of energy,and improve the performance of the valve.

关 键 词：比例减压阀 压力特性 配合间隙 电液系统 阀芯卡紧 

分 类 号：TD421[矿业工程—矿山机电]