朝向集体主义和保守主义:病原体对文化演化的影响  

Towards Collectivism and Conservatism:The Impact of Pathogens on Cultural Evolution

作　　者：陈维扬 谢天[2] CHEN Wei-yang;XIE Tian(Research Institute of Social Development,Southwestern University of Finance and Economics,Chengdu 611130,China;Department of Psychology,School of Philosophy,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]西南财经大学社会发展研究院,成都611130 [2]武汉大学哲学学院心理学系,武汉430072

出　　处：《应用心理学》2023年第5期396-407,共12页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(社会生态视角下病原体影响文化演化的机制研究,JBK 2201052);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(跨文化传播视域下的国际舆论朋友圈建设研究,22JJD860013);2023年武汉大学—昆山杜克大学联合科研平台种子基金支持计划(文化演化的多学科交叉融合科研平台,WHTUDKUZZJ202306)。

摘　　要：病原体指可造成人或动植物感染疾病的微生物、寄生虫或其他媒介。病原体如何影响文化演化,是文化演化领域中一个有趣而重要的视角。在具体研究中,病原体可通过客观与主观两种指标测量,价值观的寄生虫压力理论与行为免疫系统理论是其理论基础。病原体影响文化演化的路径体现为它使文化朝集体主义与保守主义的方向演化,具体表现在它对集体主义价值观、从众行为、外群体排斥行为以及传统价值观、预防性健康行为、保守政治态度等的影响。Pathogens refer to microorganisms(including bacteria,viruses,etc.),parasites or other agents that can cause disease in humans,animals,and plants.How pathogens influence cultural evolution is an interesting and important perspective in the field of cultural evolution.There exist two main theories in the cultural evolution of pathogen perspectives,namely,the parasite-stress theory of values and the behavioral immune system theory.Pathogens influence the evolution of culture by causing it to evolve in the direction of collectivism and conservatism,as evidenced by their influence on and shaping collectivist values,conformity,outgroup exclusion,traditionality,preventive health behavior,conservative political attitudes,etc.Future research can construct pathway models of how pathogenic stress explains cultural evolution,which requires exploring the mediating mechanisms and boundary conditions by which pathogens influence cultural evolution.Future research can also construct new concepts for empirical evidence,and combine Chinese cultural traditions and contemporary practices to highlight the Chinese characteristics of the research.

关 键 词：病原体 文化演化 集体主义 保守主义 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]