性别刻板印象威胁效应:可重复性问题与展望  

Gender Stereotype Threat Effects:The Replication Crisis and Future Directions

作　　者：王祯 管健[1] WANG Zhen;GUAN Jian(Department of Social Psychology,Zhou Enlai School of Government,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院社会心理学系,天津300071

出　　处：《应用心理学》2023年第5期416-428,共13页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(21ASH011)。

摘　　要：性别刻板印象威胁效应作为社会心理学的重要研究方向,近年来遭到了可重复性问题的质疑,主要表现为无性别刻板印象威胁效应和反性别刻板印象威胁效应。究其原因,可能是受诸如刻板印象意识、领域认同和任务难度等调节变量、被试年龄、相关知识、发表偏倚、统计方法和理论误定等因素的影响。因此,未来亟须从细化调节变量、开展重复研究、选择统计方法、聚焦文化差异和探索其他变量等方面开展性别刻板印象威胁效应的研究。Currently,there has been a heated discussion on whether the gender stereotype threat effects can be replicated.Two main types of the replication crisis exist,with some evidence suggesting no gender stereotype threat effects,and the other showing counter-gender stereotype threat effects(stereotype reactance effects).The possible reasons for the replication crisis included controversial moderators(such as stereotype awareness,domain identification,and task difficulty),participants of different ages,knowledge of gender stereotype threat,publication bias,inappropriate statistical analysis methods,and theory misspecification.In future studies,researchers can further refine moderators of gender stereotype effects,conduct more replication studies,choose appropriate statistical methods,focus on cultural differences,and investigate other variables to examine the gender stereotype threat effects.

关 键 词：性别刻板印象威胁效应 可重复性问题 发表偏倚 

分 类 号：B84-0[哲学宗教—基础心理学]