学问何以用:纪昀试律诗学新论  

How Did Learning Work in Poetry: A Study on Jiyun’s Shilv Poetry

作　　者：谢冰青 XIE Bingqing(Center of Traditional Chinese Cultural Studies,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中国传统文化研究中心,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《江苏海洋大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第5期64-73,共10页Journal of Jiangsu Ocean University（Humanities & Social Sciences Edition）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD253)。

摘　　要：清人以学人之诗目试律。清代试律的典范名家纪昀论古近体诗与试律均重学问,他认为诗之本旨在于主体情志的抒发,并且强调情志抒发也要遵循一定的艺术法度。试律由于缺乏主体情志,且存在程式化与格调浅俗之病,所以被视为体卑。以学问入试律既可补足试律主体情志缺失的遗憾,也可弥补其体卑的艺术瑕疵。对于学问入诗所带来的理性思维与诗歌感性表达的冲突,纪昀既推举自然理趣的审美追求,也为之另立意脉清晰、语言清浅的审美范式。纵观纪昀的试律诗学,学问既是知识性的内容也是思辨性的思维模式,而这一思辨性的思维对于他的古近体诗创作与批评皆有影响。People in Qing Dynasty considered the Shilv as scholastic poetry.Ji Yun,a canonical author of Shilv poems at that time,valued the significance of learning in both his traditional poetics and Shilv poetics.Ji Yun highlighted the subjectivity of the author.He believed that an author’s emotions should be conveyed through an elegant writing style too.The Shilv usually lacked of subjective perspective.In the meantime,it was considered as patterned and vulgar genre.These factors lowered its status within the realm of literature.However,learning could remedy these shortcomings.The learning did not only serve as a means for authors to express themselves but also improved the Shilv’s aesthetic perception.Incorporating learning into poetry caused a conflict between rational thinking and perceptual expression.On one hand,Ji Yun advocated the aesthetic pursuit of natural emotional and rational interests.On the other hand,he emphasized the paradigm of clear meaning and simple language.In Ji Yun’s poetry,learning was more than factual content.It was also a distinct mode of thinking.So it influenced both his creations and criticism.

关 键 词：学问化 试律 纪昀 体卑 理趣 

分 类 号：I207.2[文学—中国文学]