瑕疵刀位点几何特征分析及其对插补指令的影响  

Analysis of the Geometric Characteristics of Defective Tool Position Points and the Effect on Interpolation

作　　者：吕盾[1] 刘晗[1] 李伯阳 宋彦宏 刘辉[1] LYU Dun;LIU Han;LI Boyang;SONG Yanhong;LIU Hui(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Manufacturing System Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《机床与液压》2023年第16期1-7,共7页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52175483,51975462)。

摘　　要：由于CAD曲线建模的误差以及CAM算法的精度问题,刀位点中存在着瑕疵。通过对典型加工零件的刀位数据点进行分析,归纳瑕疵的类型,分析瑕疵的几何特征,研究瑕疵对数控插补指令的影响。结果表明:瑕疵类型包括密集、突起、折返、重复加工和相邻不一致;密集瑕疵造成线段长度的减小,突起瑕疵造成转角的增大,折返瑕疵在开始和结束位置造成曲率变化率的增大,重复加工在零件同一位置多次加工,相邻轨迹不一致造成点的分布不均匀;密集、突起、折返瑕疵刀位点造成指令速度的降低,以及重复加工对同一位置的多次加工,影响加工效率,突起、折返瑕疵造成指令加速度和加加速度的波动增大,引起机床振动,相邻轨迹不一致在加工同一特征时速度和加速度不同,影响加工表面质量。Defects exist in tool position points due to errors in curve modeling performed by CAD and the accuracy of CAM algorithms.By analyzing the tool position points of typical machined parts,the types of defects were summarized,the geometric characteristics of the defects were analyzed,and the impact of defects on CNC interpolation commands was studied.The results show that the types of defects include dense,protrusion,foldback,repetitive machining and adjacent trajectory inconsistency.Dense defects cause the reduction of line segment length,protrusion defects cause the increase of corner,the start and end positions of foldback defects cause the increase of curvature change rate,repetitive machining causes multiple machining at the same position,and adjacent trajectory inconsistency causes uneven distribution of points.The reduction of command speed caused by dense,protrusion,and foldback defective tool position points,as well as repetitive machining of the same position multiple times,affects machining efficiency.Protrusion and foldback defects lead to increased fluctuations in acceleration and jerk,causing the machine to vibrate.Adjacent trajectory inconsistency in machining the same feature with different command speeds and accelerations affects the quality of the machined surface.

关 键 词：瑕疵刀位点 几何特征 插补指令 加工效率 表面质量 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG65[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]