低温冷害对不同玉米种子萌发及α-淀粉酶活性的影响  

Effects of Low Temperature and Chilling Injury on Germination and α-Amylase Activity of Different Maize Seeds

作　　者：徐婷[1] 王俊强[1] 韩业辉[1] 周超[1] 曲忠诚[1] 高盼[1] 丁昕颖 XU Ting;WANG Junqiang;HAN Yehui;ZHOU Chao;QU Zhongcheng;GAO Pan;DING Xinying(Qiqihar Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161006,China;Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161005,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2023年第10期1-6,共6页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省中国科学院关义新玉米遗传育种工作室;黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(CZKYF2023-1-C013);黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划项目(GA20B102-06);齐齐哈尔市科技局创新激励项目(CNYGG-2022039,CNYGG-2022033)。

摘　　要：东北地区玉米春季播种时,常有“倒春寒”现象,低温冷害频发会造成玉米减产,针对这一问题,选择黑龙江省不同积温带种植的玉米杂交种为材料,以25℃为对照,以15和8℃为低温胁迫处理,研究低温冷害对不同玉米品种种子萌发特性和α-淀粉酶活性的影响。结果表明,低温冷害显著影响各品种种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数和α-淀粉酶活性,表现为25℃>15℃>8℃。不同玉米品种抗低温能力差异显著,其中福玉208、中邦9号、呼单1779三个品种受温度影响较大,齐禾401、京农科728、嫩单19、富尔116、嫩单35这些品种抗低温能力较好。In the spring sowing of maize in Northeast China,the temperature fluctuates greatly in early spring,and there is often a phenomenon of"abnormal coldness after spring comes",low temperature and cold damage occur frequently.In response to the frequent occurrence of low temperature and cold damage in the spring sowing of maize in Northeast China,which leads to a reduction in maize yield,maize hybrids planted in different accumulated temperature zones in Heilongjiang were selected as the test materials,with 25℃as the control and 15℃and 8℃as the low temperature stress,study on the germination characteristics of different maize varieties seeds affected by low temperature and cold damage the effect ofα-amylase activity.The results showed that low temperature chilling injury significantly affected the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vitality index,andα-amylase activity,manifested as 25℃>15℃>8℃.There were significant differences in low temperature resistance among different maize varieties,among which Fuyu 208,Zhongbang 9 and Hudan 1779 were greatly affected by temperature,Qihe 401,Jingnongke 728,Nendan 19,Fuer 116 and Nendan 35 had better low temperature resistance.

关 键 词：玉米 低温 种子萌发 Α-淀粉酶活性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]