湿性老年性黄斑变性患者自我感受负担现状及影响因素研究  

A study on status and influencing factors of self-perceived burden in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration

作　　者：傅绮 田碧珊[1] 张宇 程丽 FU Qi;TIAN Bishan;ZHANG Yu;CHENG Li(State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology,Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510060;School of Nursing,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学中山眼科中心,眼病防治全国重点实验室,广州510060 [2]中山大学护理学院,广州510080

出　　处：《眼科学报》2023年第6期441-448,共8页Eye Science

摘　　要：目的:了解湿性老年性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD)患者自我感受负担(self-perceived burden,SPB)现状及其影响因素。方法:采用方便抽样法选取2021年1月至11月在中山大学中山眼科中心就诊的204例湿性AMD患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、SPB量表、家庭支持自评量表、医学应对问卷对其进行测评。结果:患者SPB得分是(21.98±6.68)分,总体属于轻度SPB。湿性AMD患者的SPB水平与家庭支出(r=−0.326,P<0.001)和面对应对(r=−0.365,P<0.001)呈负相关,与回避(r=0.456,P<0.001)及屈服(r=0.310,P<0.001)应对方式呈正相关性。多重线性回归显示,独居、高龄、自费、双眼患病及采用回避应对的患者的SPB更高,而高文化水平、高家庭支持的患者SPB较轻。结论:湿性AMD患者有轻度SPB,但仍存在改善空间,医护工作者在工作中应重点关注高龄、文化程度低、家庭收入低、自费、独居、双眼患病及低视力的患者,及时进行心理疏导,减轻患者的SPB水平。Objective:To understand the current status and influencing factors of self-preceived burden(SPB)in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration(AMD).Methods:204 patiens with wet AMD who were treated in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University from January to November 2021 were enrolled as the study subjects with convenience sampling method.A general information questionnaire,SPB scale,family support self-assessment scale,and medical coping questionnaire were collected from the subjects for assessment.Results:The patient’s SPB score was 21.98±6.68,which is generally mild SPB.The SPB level of patients with wet AMD was negatively correlated with family support(r=−0.326,P<0.001)and coping(r=−0.365,P<0.001),and were positively correlated with avoidance(r=0.456,P<0.001),and surrender(r=0.310,P<0.001)coping style.Multiple linear regression showed that the patients who lived alone,were elder and self-funded,had binoclur diseases and used avoidance coping,had higher SPB.While the patients with high education and family support had lower SPB.Conclusions:It is still needed to pay attention to the patients with AMD having mild SPB.Medical workers should focus on patients with elder age,low education level,low family income,self-funded,living alone,binocular disease and low vision in their work,and providetimely psychological counseling to reduce the SPB level of patients.

关 键 词：老年性黄斑变性 自我感受负担 家庭支持 应对方式 调查研究 

分 类 号：R774.5[医药卫生—眼科]