艾耶尔情绪主义的主观主义宿命——基于杰克森和佩迪特对表达主义的诊断  

The Subjectivist Destiny of Ayer's Emotivism:Based on Jackson and Pettit’s Diagnosis of Expressivism

作　　者：熊巍 XIONG Wei(School of Marxism,Chongqing Institute of Foreign Studies,Qijang 401120,Chongqing,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆外语外事学院马克思主义学院,重庆綦江401120

出　　处：《铜仁学院学报》2023年第5期76-84,共9页Journal of Tongren University

摘　　要：艾耶尔的情绪主义将伦理判断解释为某种情感或情绪的表达,因而是一种表达主义。表达主义的“表达-报告区分”是情绪主义与主观主义区分开来的重要依据。然而杰克森和佩迪特对表达主义的考察却暗示该区分蕴涵着两个谬误推理。这不仅直接导致“表达报告区分”失效,而且也为情绪主义转变为主观主义提供了空间。洛克的语言观则是促成这一转变的关键。在表达主义者的辩护均以失败告终之后,情绪主义终究难逃主观主义的宿命。Ayer’s emotivism interprets ethical judgment as the expression of a certain emotion,thus it is a form of expressivism.Expressivists’“expressing-reporting distinction”is the basis of differentiating emotivism to subjectivism.However,Jackson and Pettit’s criticism of expressivism implies that the distinction entails two fallacies.This not only leads to the invalidation of the“expressing-reporting distinction”,but also gives room for the argument that emotivism will turn into a variant of subjectivism.Lockean views of language play a key role in the argument.After expressivists’defenses all end up with a failure,emotivism cannot escape the fate of subjectivism.

关 键 词：情绪主义 表达主义 主观主义 表达-报告区分 杰克森和佩迪特 

分 类 号：B82-02[哲学宗教—伦理学]