纳滤对饮用水消毒副产物前体物的去除性能  

Rejection of Disinfection By-products Precursors by Nanofiltration in Drinking Water Treatment

作　　者：陶辉[1,2] 陈怿扬 蒋福春 张雪[3] 林涛[1,2] TAO Hui;CHEN Yi-yang;JIANG Fu-chun;ZHANG Xue;LIN Tao(Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Suzhou Water Supply Co.Ltd.,Suzhou 215002,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098 [3]苏州市自来水有限公司,江苏苏州215002

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2023年第17期38-44,共7页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508704);苏州市科技发展计划项目(SS201846)。

摘　　要：以苏州某水厂沉后水为研究对象,考察了NF90型纳滤膜对不同有机物组分和消毒副产物前体物的截留效果。结果表明,纳滤膜对水中天然有机物(NOM)、三卤甲烷生成势(THMFP)和二氯乙酰胺生成势(DCAc Am FP)的截留率分别达到67.2%、84.1%和52.0%以上。进水p H升高使得纳滤膜对腐殖质降解产物(BB)和低分子有机物(LMW)组分的截留能力下降,进而导致其对消毒副产物生成势(DBPFP)截留率的下降。提高进水Ca^(2+)浓度会加快膜面形成致密污染层,增强了纳滤膜对NOM和THMFP的截留能力,但会使亲水性正电LMW组分更易通过纳滤膜,降低膜对DCAc Am FP的截留能力。操作压力对纳滤膜去除NOM及DBPFP的影响较小,但随着回收率的升高,纳滤膜对NOM和DBPFP的截留率明显下降。NF90型纳滤膜在所研究的操作条件下,出水THMs水平远低于《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2006)要求,且DCAc Am生成量较低。针对NOM和DBPFP的去除,纳滤系统可采用较高的回收率以提高产水率。This paper investigated the performance of NF90 nanofiltration membrane for the rejection of different natural organic matters(NOMs)and disinfection by-products(DBPs)precursors in effluent from sedimentation tank of a water treatment plant in Suzhou.The rejection rates of NOM,trihalomethane formation potential(THMFP)and dichloroacetamide formation potential(DCAcAmFP)in water by nanofiltration were above 67.2%,84.1%and 52.0%,respectively.Increasing the influent pH decreased the rejection of building blocks(BB)and low molecular weight(LMW)components,and thus resulted in the decrease of the rejection rate of disinfection by-products formation potential(DBPFP).Increasing the influent Ca^(2+)concentration accelerated the formation of a dense fouling layer on the membrane surface and enhanced the rejection of NOM and THMFP.However,high Ca^(2+)concentrations enhanced the penetration of positive hydrophilic LMW components and reduced the rejection of DCAcAmFP.Operating pressure had no obvious effect on rejection of NOM and DBPFP.However,the rejection rates of NOM and DBPFP decreased obviously with the increase of recovery rate.Under the experimental operating conditions,the THMs in effluent from NF90 nanofiltration membrane was much lower than the limits specified in Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB 5749-2006),and the production of DCAcAm was low.For the removal of NOM and DBPFP,the system was suggested to adopt a higher recovery rate to improve the water yield.

关 键 词：饮用水 纳滤 天然有机物 消毒副产物 三卤甲烷 二氯乙酰胺 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]