不同体长南美白对虾摄食发声信号的变化规律  

Regularity of feeding acoustic signals by Pacific whiteleg shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)with different body length

作　　者：曹正良[1] 王秀秀 李钊丞 沈梦庭 胡庆松[2] 吴迪 CAO Zhengliang;WANG Xiuxiu;LI Zhaocheng;SHEN Mengting;HU Qingsong;WU Di(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;College of Engineering Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学工程学院,上海201306

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2023年第4期637-644,共8页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：上海市现代农业产业技术体系资助(沪农科学字(2022)第5号);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(201902080010F01117)。

摘　　要：为研究不同体长南美白对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)摄食颗粒饲料与虾壳的发声信号规律与差异,以5种体长(2~3、4~5、6~7、8~9、9~10 cm)南美白对虾为研究对象,在实验室条件下基于被动声学方法,采集并分析2种摄食声音信号。结果表明:摄食颗粒饲料时,不同体长对虾的发声峰值频率不同,小虾(体长2~3 cm)最高约为25 kHz,大虾(体长9~10 cm)最低约为7 kHz,频率范围变化规律与峰值频率一致,随对虾体长的增加而降低,而单个脉冲信号时长随对虾体长的增加而增加(大虾约18 ms,小虾约7 ms);摄食虾壳时,不同体长对虾的发声峰值频率和频率范围与对虾体长无明显变化规律,对虾摄食虾壳的单个脉冲信号时长随对虾体长的增加而略有增加(大虾约13 ms,小虾约6 ms)。研究表明,不同体长南美白对虾摄食发声信号特征不同,摄食颗粒饲料时的发声信号随对虾体长变化存在一定规律,但摄食虾壳的发声信号则无明显变化规律。A feeding acoustic trial was conducted to probe whether there were regularity and difference of the sound signals by Pacific whiteleg shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)with different body length of 2-3,4-5,6-7,8-9,and 9-10 cm when the shrimp fed pellets and shrimp shell.Three individuals of the shrimp was placed in an acoustic test glass tank(44 cm×28 cm×30 cm)equipped with DJI underwater cameras and sound acquisition equipment consisting of an SM4 type sound recorder with a HTI-96-Min,and fed formulated diet with particle size of 1.2 mm and shrimp shell.With passive acoustic monitoring,two kinds of acoustic signals by pellets and shrimp shell from Pacific whiteleg shrimp feeding were recorded under laboratory conditions.The results showed that the peak frequency was different when different body length of Pacific whiteleg shrimp feeding pellets,with the maximum frequency about 25 kHz in small shrimp with body length of 2-3 cm,and the minimum frequency about 7 kHz in large shrimp with body length of 9-10 cm.The peak frequency was shown to be decreased with increase in the shrimp body length,which was consistent with the change in frequency range.The duration of a single pulse signal(maximum about 18 ms in the shrimp with body length of 9-10 cm,and minimum about 7 ms in the shrimp with body length of 2-3 cm)was found to be increased with the increase in shrimp body length.The duration of a single pulse signal(maximum about 13 ms in the shrimp with body length of 9-10 cm,and minimum about 6 ms in the shrimp with body length of 2-3 cm)was found to be increased with the increase in shrimp body length when different body length shrimp fed shrimp shell.The peak frequency and frequency range were related to the shrimp body length,without significant linear regularity by shrimp shell.The findings indicated that there were different in the feeding acoustic signal characteristics of Pacific whiteleg shrimp with different body length,with some regularity by pellets,without regularity by shrimp shell.

关 键 词：南美白对虾 不同体长 摄食发声信号 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖] S968.22[农业科学—水产科学]