土地利用类型对土壤氨氧化微生物丰度和群落结构的影响  

Effects of Land Use Types on Abundance and Community Structure of Soil Ammonia-Oxidizing Microorganisms

作　　者：朱飞 李文波 田磊 沈洪伟 季敬敬 魏元甲 王芸 王欣丽[3] Zhu Fei;Li Wenbo;Tian Lei;Shen Hongwei;Ji Jingjing;Wei Yuanjia;Wang Yun;Wang Xinli(Linyi Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Linyi 276000,China;Linyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Linyi 276000,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation&Environment Protection/College of Resources and Environment,Linyi University,Linyi 276005,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂市农业农村局,山东临沂276000 [2]临沂市农业科学院,山东临沂276000 [3]山东省水土保持与环境保育重点实验室/临沂大学资源环境学院,山东临沂276005

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第9期79-86,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目“沂蒙山区典型土壤完全氨氧化微生物多样性及其功能研究”(ZR2020MD104)。

摘　　要：氨氧化是硝化作用的限速步骤,在土壤氮素循环中起着重要作用。目前关于土地利用驱动的土壤理化性质变化对氨氧化微生物影响的相关研究较为匮乏。本试验选取林地、农田和设施蔬菜地3种利用方式土壤,基于荧光定量PCR和Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术,研究了不同土地利用类型土壤中氨氧化古菌(AOA)、氨氧化细菌(AOB)的丰度和群落结构。结果表明:林地AOA丰度显著高于农田和设施蔬菜地,农田AOB丰度显著高于设施蔬菜地和林地,林地AOB丰度最低。农田土壤AOA和AOB的Shannon指数均最高,设施蔬菜地AOA的Shannon指数最低。设施蔬菜地AOA的ACE指数和Chao1指数显著低于林地和农田。林地和农田AOA的主要优势类群是泉古菌门,奇古菌门在设施蔬菜地中为主要优势类群。AOB的变形菌门在林地和农田中为主要优势类群,在设施蔬菜地中仅占23.10%。土壤pH值、全氮和铵态氮含量显著影响AOA的群落结构,土壤pH值和有机碳含量是导致AOB群落结构变化的主要影响因素。以上结果表明,不同干扰程度的土地利用类型,通过影响土壤的理化性质改变AOA和AOB的群落分布。Ammonia oxidation is the rate-limiting step of nitrification and plays an important role in the soil nitrogen cycle.At present,there are few studies on the effects of land use-driven soil physical and chemical properties changes on ammonia oxidizing microorganisms.In this experiment,three soil utilization types were selected including forest land,cropland and facility vegetable land,representing three interference levels(forest<cropland<facility vegetable soil).The abundance and community structure of ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)and bacteria(AOB)in soils of different land use types were studied based on fluorescence quantitative PCR and Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that the abundance of AOA in forest soil was significantly higher than that in cropland and facility vegetable soil;the abundance of AOB in cropland was significantly higher than that in facility vegetable and forest soils,and that in forest soil was the lowest.The Shannon index of AOA and AOB in cropland was the highest,and that of AOA in facility vegetable soil was the lowest.The ACE and Chao1 indexes of AOA in facility vegetable soil were significantly lower than those in forest and cropland soils.The main dominant phylum of AOA in forest and cropland soils was Crenarchaeota,and Thaumarchaeota was the main dominant group in facility vegetable soil.Proteobacteria was the main dominant phylum of AOB in forest and cropland soils,but only 23.10%in facility vegetable soil.Soil pH value and content of total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen significantly affected the community structure of AOA,and soil pH value and the content of organic matter were the main factors leading to the change of AOB community structure.These results suggested that land use types with different interference levels could change the community distribution of AOA and AOB by affecting soil physicochemical properties.

关 键 词：土地利用类型 氨氧化古菌 氨氧化细菌 AMOA基因 群落结构 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]