叶面喷施外源氨基酸对茶叶产量和品质的影响  

Effect of Leaf-Spraying Exogenous Amino Acids on Tea Yield and Quality

作　　者：王仔洲 徐晓东 杨洪庆 于延冲[1] 张弢[1] 董春海[1] 丁兆堂[3] 杨洪兵[1] Wang Zizhou;Xu Xiaodong;Yang Hongqing;Yu Yanchong;Zhang Tao;Dong Chunhai;Ding Zhaotang;Yang Hongbing(College of Life Sciences,Qingdao Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong,Qingdao 266109,China;Juxian Wolong Green Tea Industry Co.,Ltd.,Juxian 276514,China;College of Horticulture,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学生命科学学院/山东省高校植物生物技术重点实验室,山东青岛266109 [2]莒县卧龙青茶业有限公司,山东莒县276514 [3]青岛农业大学园艺学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第9期137-140,共4页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省重大科技创新工程项目“日照绿茶提质增效关键技术集成与产业化”(2019TSLH0802)。

摘　　要：本试验以秋季生长的鸠坑茶为材料,采用60μmol/L谷氨酸、40μmol/L天冬氨酸及两种氨基酸混合进行叶面喷施处理,测定茶树叶片叶绿素与氮含量、百芽重和产量及茶叶茶多酚、茶氨酸和咖啡碱含量等指标,研究喷施氨基酸不同处理对茶叶产量和品质的影响。结果表明,与喷清水对照相比,喷施谷氨酸、天冬氨酸及两种氨基酸混合处理均能显著增加茶树叶片叶绿素和氮含量及百芽重和产量,谷氨酸和天冬氨酸混合喷施效果更好,产量较对照提高17.28%;喷施天冬氨酸茶树叶片茶多酚含量显著提高17.06%,喷施谷氨酸茶树叶片茶氨酸含量显著提高27.84%,而谷氨酸和天冬氨酸混合喷施茶树叶片茶多酚、茶氨酸和咖啡碱含量分别显著提高34.33%、46.69%和17.81%。综上,外源喷施氨基酸叶面肥可显著改善茶叶保健功效和品质,且以两种氨基酸混合液喷施效果最好。In this experiment,the Jiukeng tea leaves in autumn were sprayed with 60μmol/L glutamic acid,40μmol/L aspartic acid and their mixture.The contents of chlorophyll and nitrogen in tea leaves,100-bud weight,yield,the contents of tea polyphenols,theanine and caffeine were determined to study the effects of different amino acid treatments on the yield and quality of tea.The results showed that compared with spraying water,spraying glutamic acid,aspartic acid and their mixture could significantly increase the chlorophyll and nitrogen contents in tea leaves,100-bud weight and yield;the effect of spraying the mixture of glutamic acid and aspartic acid was better,and the yield increased by 17.28%;the tea polyphenol content of leaves was significantly increased by 17.06%after spraying aspartic acid,and the content of theanine in tea leaves significantly increased by 27.84%after spraying glutamic acid;the contents of tea polyphenols,theanine and caffeine in leaves significantly increased by 34.33%,46.69%and 17.81%,respectively,after spraying the mixture of glutamic acid and aspartic acid.In conclusion,exogenous application of amino acid foliar fertilizer could significantly improve the health care effect and quality of tea,and the effect was the best after spraying the mixture of the two amino acids.

关 键 词：叶面喷施氨基酸 茶叶 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]