制造企业数据赋能实现机理研究:关键要素和作用机制  

Research on the Realization Mechanism of Data Empowerment in Manufacturing Enterprises:Key Elements and Mechanisms of Action

作　　者：张培[1,2] 董珂隽 ZHANG Pei;DONG Kejun(School of Economics and Management,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;Research Center for Digitalization and Intelligentialize Development,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学经济管理学院,天津300401 [2]河北工业大学数智化发展研究中心,天津300401

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2023年第8期94-111,共18页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(17BGL096)。

摘　　要：当前制造企业抓住数字化转型的契机,实现数据赋能是获取竞争优势的关键途径。但对于制造企业如何构建高匹配度的数据元素组合以及怎样促进数据资源转化、利用等方面尚缺乏清晰的理论探讨,为揭示制造企业数据赋能实现的内在机理,基于资源编排理论视角,采用多案例研究方法,深入剖析数据赋能实现的关键要素和要素之间的作用机制。结果发现:(1)制造企业通过分布式创新和组合创新两种资源行动模式,构建专用性高的数字元素组合,有助于增加其数字技术与应用场景的匹配度。(2)数据赋能能力的内部化有3条关键路径:连接能力→响应型决策能力、连接能力→分析能力→优化型决策能力和连接能力→分析能力→创新型决策能力。数据流动性、速度、容量以及多样性属性的依次激活,可推动数据赋能能力内化由低阶向高阶转变。(3)在内部响应机制和外部感知机制的强化下,制造企业数据赋能的价值创造可细分为维持型、丰富型和融合型3种方式。(4)制造企业数字化转型是一个长期且动态的过程,以赋能深度和赋能广度两条逻辑线,可将数据赋能实现的长期路径划分为“单点—低赋能”、“单点—高赋能”、“多点—低赋能”以及“多点—高赋能”四个阶段。同时制造企业数字化转型动态演化过程中蕴含着产业数字化和数字产业化相互促进的交互关系。At present,manufacturing enterprises must seize the opportunity of digital transformation,and data em-powerment in digital transformation is considered to be the key way for enterprises to gain competitive advantage.However,manufacturing enterprises are facing the dilemma of digital transformation,because the application scenarios of digital technologies involved in manufacturing enterprises are complex.The existing research takes data empowerment as a pre-factor variable,focuses on the process and mechanism of data empowerment promoting the transformation and up-grading of manufacturing enterprises,or uses data empowerment as a result variable to study its influencing factors,but there are still research gaps.There is still a lack of clear theoretical discussion on how to build a highly matched data ele-ment combination and how to promote the transformation and utilization of data resources in manufacturing enterprises.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to reveal the internal mechanism of data empowerment in manufacturing enter-prises,and it is mainly based on the theory of resource orchestration and adopts the method of multiple case studies to ana-lyze the key elements and interaction mechanism of data empowerment.This paper first defines the data empowerment of manufacturing enterprises as a process of building a combination of digital elements including digital infrastructure,digital platform and digital components in a specific business scenario of manufacturing enterprises,thereby obtaining data resources,and internalizing the data empowerment capabilities built into enterprise capabilities to create value and establish competitive advantages.The theory of resource orchestration shapes the whole process of resource acquisition,transformation and utilization,which makes it an appropriate logic to explain the realization of manufacturing enterprise data empowerment.Therefore,the research framework of data empowerment realization mechanism is constructed based on the perspective of resource orchestration

关 键 词：制造企业 数据赋能 资源编排 关键要素 作用机制 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]