系统论视角下交通犯罪之风险治理  

Risk Governance for Traffic Crime from the Perspective of Systems Theory

作　　者：牛旭[1] Niu Xu(Shaanxi Police College,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西警官职业学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《贵州警察学院学报》2023年第3期67-74,共8页Journal of Guizhou Police College

摘　　要：Luhmann系统论认为系统自创生自己和它所包含的一切要素,进行封闭性自我指涉的再生产,不断以每一运作为起点不断自我更新。现代刑法作为自创生子系统不断自我复杂化的过程中,逐渐摆脱以结果犯为主要犯罪类型的思路,走向抽象危险犯的立法设计,经由抽象危险犯之春秋诛心手法,用以警戒引导甚或型塑公众在风险社会中的行为模式。交通犯罪就属于这种侵害集体法益的类型,是风险刑法治理的典型。我国面临的交通形势十分严峻,不遵章守法的人为因素是造成交通事故最主要的因素,而国外的经验证明行政处罚以及民事赔偿难以有效地控制驾驶危险行为,考虑入罪化反而能有效强化驾驶人遵守交通秩序,有效减少交通事故。Luhmann's systems theory believes that a system itself is autopoietic and can reproduce everything it contains in a manner of self-referential closure,constantly updating itself with each operation as a starting point.While the modern criminal law,an autopoietic subsystem,is becoming increasingly complex,it is gradually moving away from the mindset of viewing consequential offenses as the main type of crime and developing towards the legislative design of abstract dangerous offenses.Through the technique of abstract dangerousness-based legislation,the law can alert and guide the public,shaping their behavior patterns in the risk society.Traffic crime is a type of crime that violates collective interests and a typical example of risk governance through criminal law.The current situation of traffic in China is extremely severe and the human factor of non-compliance with traffic law and regulations is the main cause for traffic accidents.Other countries'experience has shown that administrative punishment and civil compensation are not effective enough to curb dangerous driving behaviors,but criminalizing such behaviors can effectively promote drivers'compliance with traffic laws and reduce traffic accidents.

关 键 词：系统论 交通犯罪 风险刑法 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]