20年前后精神分裂症患者家属对精神疾病态度的变化  

Change of schizophrenic family members'attitudes to mental illness in the last two decades

作　　者：李丽[1] 白璐源 周衍芳 范宁[1] 兰志敏[1] 王绍礼[1] 高士元 LI Li;BAI Lu-yuan;ZHOU Yan-fang;FAN Ning;LAN Zhi-min;WANG Shao-li;GAO Shi-yuan(Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School,Beijing Huilongguan Hospital,Beijing 100096,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学回龙观临床医学院,北京回龙观医院,100096

出　　处：《临床精神医学杂志》2023年第5期356-360,共5页Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

基　　金：北京市医院管理局“登峰”人才培养计划(DFL20192001)。

摘　　要：目的:了解20年前后精神分裂症患者家属对精神疾病态度的变化。方法:采用方便抽样法,抽取北京回龙观医院住院及门诊精神分裂症患者家属。1999年入组精神分裂症患者家属217例,2019年入组206例,用精神疾病态度调查问卷调查家属对精神疾病的态度。结果:精神疾病态度调查问卷分量表“精神疾病不能治疗”、“精神疾病患者无社会价值”、“应回避精神疾病患者”、“应限制精神疾病患者的社会角色”2019年得分低于1999年的得分,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05),但仍高于50分。多重线性回归分析提示,受教育程度高(β=-0.14、-0.17、-0.18、-0.20、-0.28,P均<0.05)、住院时间短(β=0.16、0.18,P均<0.05)、职业好(β=-0.16,P<0.05)、女性(β=0.21、0.23、0.30、0.33,P均<0.05),与其接触更频繁(β=-0.12、-0.16、-0.18、-0.21,P均<0.05)、年轻家属(β=0.13、0.16,P均<0.05)更容易接纳患者。结论:2019年精神分裂症患者家属对精神疾病的态度较1999年有显著改善,其中受教育程度高、住院时间短、职业好、女性的患者,与患者接触更频繁、年轻家属对精神疾病的态度更积极乐观;但仍存在一定程度的歧视。Objective:The objective of this study is to explore the change of schizophrenic family members'attitudes toward mental illness over the past 20 years.Method:The convenience sampling method was adopted to select family members of schizophrenic from Beijing Huilongguan Hospital.A total of 217 and 206 family members were selected in 1999 and 2019,respectively.Their attitude toward mental illness were investigated using mental illness attitude questionnaire.Results:The scores on the subscales of"mental illness can not be treated","mentally patients lack social value","avoidance of mental patients is recommended",and"limitation of social role of mental patients is recommended"in 2019 were lower than those in 1999(P<0.05),but the scores were still above 50.Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that well-educated(β=-0.14、-0.17、-0.18、-0.20、-0.28,all P<0.05),short hospitalization(β=0.16、0.18,all P<0.05),decent job(β=-0.16,P<0.05),female(β=0.21、0.23、0.30、0.33,all P<0.05)more frequent contact with patients(β=-0.12、-0.16、-0.18、-0.21,all P<0.05),young family members(β=0.13、0.16,all P<0.05)were more likely to have an inclusive attitude toward mental illness.Conclusion:The attitude of family members toward mental illness in 2019 have been slightly improved compared with that in 1999,and higher education,short hospitalization,decent job,female are favorable factors for patients;young family members and more frequent contact with patients are favourable factors for family members.However,a certain degree of discrimination still exist.

关 键 词：精神疾病 患者家属 病耻感 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]