鸦胆子提取物对阳春砂叶片病原真菌的抑制机理  

Anti-fungal Mechanism of Brucea javanica Extract on Pathogenic Fungi in Amomum villosum Leaves

作　　者：王姗淇 郑婉婷 张颖颖[1] 张英[1] 何国振[1] WANG Shan-Qi;ZHENG Wan-Ting;ZHANG Ying-Ying;ZHANG Ying;HE Guo-Zhen(School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学中药学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《广州中医药大学学报》2023年第9期2329-2335,共7页Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：广东省农业科技创新及推广体系建设项目(编号:2022KJ142,2021KJ142,2020KJ142,2019KJ142)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨鸦胆子提取物对阳春砂叶片2种典型病原真菌(Epicoccum thailandicum和Muyocopron laterale)的抑制机理,为鸦胆子开发为植物源农药提供理论依据。【方法】设置对照组(真菌团块+无菌磷酸盐缓冲液或无菌去离子水)和处理组(真菌团块+鸦胆子提取物100 mg·mL^(-1)+无菌磷酸盐缓冲液或无菌去离子水),测定2组病原真菌内容物释放量、可溶性蛋白含量、过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量、过氧化物酶(POD)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性,透射电镜观察病原真菌菌丝体超微结构的变化。【结果】相比初始时刻,处理组2种病原真菌的细胞膜通透性显著增加,E.thailandicum经鸦胆子提取物作用10 h,细胞内容物释放量升高了5.32倍(P<0.001),M.laterale经鸦胆子提取物作用1 h,细胞内容物释放量升高了98.55%(P<0.001);相比对照组,处理组2种病原真菌经鸦胆子提取物处理3 h后可溶性蛋白含量较对照组显著增加(P<0.001);处理组2种病原真菌菌丝体内H_(2)O_(2)含量较对照组显著增加(P<0.01),E.thailandicum经鸦胆子提取物处理24 h H_(2)O_(2)含量升高了93.30%,M.laterale经鸦胆子提取物处理6 h H_(2)O_(2)含量增加了1.14倍;处理组2种病原真菌的POD均降至无活性(P<0.001),2种病原真菌经鸦胆子提取物处理3 h后T-SOD活性均显著降低(P<0.001)。由透射电镜结果可见,相比对照组,处理组2种病原真菌细胞膜出现缺损,细胞内空腔增多,核碎裂。【结论】鸦胆子提取物可通过降低过氧化作用相关的保护酶活性,使得病原真菌细胞中过量的活性氧无法及时消除,进而发生脂质过氧化,造成细胞膜通透性增加,细胞内容物外渗,从而达到抑制菌丝生长的效果。Objective To investigate the bacteriostatic mechanism of Brucea javanica extract on two typical pathogenic fungi(Epicoccum thailandicum and Muyocopron laterale)of Amomum villosum leaves,and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of Brucea javanica as a plant-derived pesticide.Methods A control group(fungal mass+sterile phosphate buffer or sterile deionized water)and a treatment group(fungal mass+Brucea javanica extract 100 mg·mL^(-1)+sterile phosphate buffer or sterile deionized water)were set up to determine the contents release,soluble protein content,hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))content,peroxidase(POD)and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activities of pathogenic fungie in the two groups.The ultrastructural changes of mycelium of pathogenic fungi were observed by transmission electron microscopy.Results Compared with the initial moment,the cell membrane permeability of two pathogenic fungi in the treatment group were significantly increased.The cell content release of E.thailandicum treated with Brucea javanica extract for 10 hours increased by 5.32 times(P<0.001),and that of M.laterale treated with Brucea javanica extract for 1 hour increased by 98.55%(P<0.001).Compared with the control group,the soluble protein content of two kinds of pathogenic fungi in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group after being treated with Brucea javanica extract for 3 hours,and the H_(2)O_(2) content in the hyphae of the two pathogenic fungi in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group.The H_(2)O_(2) content of E.thailandicum treated with Brucea javanica extract for 24 hours increased by 93.30%,and the H_(2)O_(2) content of M.laterale treated with Brucea javanica extract for 6 hours increased by 1.14 times.In the treatment group,the POD activity of the two pathogenic fungi decreased to inactivity,and the T-SOD activity of the two pathogenic fungi were significantly decreased after being treated with Brucea javanica extract for 3 hours.The results o

关 键 词：鸦胆子 病原真菌 抑菌机理 阳春砂 植物源农药 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]