树龄对海南省越南油茶经济性状的影响  

Influence of tree age on economic traits of Camellia vietnamensis in Hainan province

作　　者：王珮璇 杜艳军 郭钰柬 陈静[1] 周开兵[1] WANG Peixuan;DU Yanjun;GUO Yujian;CHEN Jing;ZHOU Kaibing(Sanya Nanfan Research Institute,Hainan University,Sanya 572025,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学三亚南繁研究院,海南三亚572025

出　　处：《经济林研究》2023年第3期37-47,共11页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2023XDNY087);海南省自然科学基金青年项目(318QN199);海南省重大科技计划项目(SQ2017GXNY0010)。

摘　　要：[目的]为开发不同树龄特色茶油产品和提升茶籽油市场综合竞争力提供参考,同时为老龄树的合理开发和及时保护提供参考依据。[方法]以海南省3个采样点的老、幼龄树群为研究对象,在2019、2020年进行采样,采用常规方法调查其产量性状,采用索氏提取法提取茶籽油后,对茶籽油品质性状、挥发性成分进行比较分析。[结果]老、幼龄树的产量性状、脂肪酸组分无显著差异,老龄树的单果质量较高。幼龄树茶籽油的理化性质在年份间差异较大,老龄树茶籽油的过氧化值更低、酸价更高。茶籽油挥发性物质中的特殊物质包括邻苯二甲酸酯和2种酚类化合物,这2类物质在老龄树茶籽油中的含量均显著小于幼龄树茶籽油;茶籽油中其他挥发性物质共32种,不存在某个采样点、某一年或某个树龄特有的化学成分,采样地、年份、树龄等因素间存在相互影响;油酸、单硬脂酸甘油酯、有机酸类、酯类在老龄树茶籽油中含量更多,香树素、角鲨烯、醇醛烃类、不皂化物、三萜、甾醇在幼龄树茶籽油中含量更多;主体气味物质(反,反-2,4-癸二烯醛、壬醛)含量在老、幼龄树茶籽油中无显著差异,幼龄树茶籽油中反-2-癸烯醛含量更高,这些物质在老、幼龄树茶籽油中的含量在不同年份表现不同;此外还有一些老、幼龄树茶籽油特有的香气物质。[结论]老龄树茶籽油更适合制作护肤品和外用药基质,幼龄树茶籽油更适合作为保健用油。【Objective】The research will provide reference for the development of characteristic Camellia oleifera oil products of different tree ages and for the promotion comprehensive market competitiveness,and it will provide reference basis for the older trees’reasonable development and timely protection.【Method】Taking the older and younger tree-groups from three sampling sits in Hainan province as the research objects,samples were conducted in 2019 and 2020,and their yield traits were investigated by conventional methods,after using Soxhlet extraction,the quality traits and volatile components of C.vietnamensis seed oil were compared and analyzed.【Result】There was no significant difference in the yield traits and fatty acid components between older and younger tree-group,but the single fresh fruit mass of the older tree-group was larger.The physical and chemical indicators of younger tree-group oil were different on the inter-year significantly,and the peroxide value of older trees oil was lower,however its acid value was the opposite.Phthalates(PAEs)and the two phenols were divided into special substances of C.oleifera oil,both kinds of substances’content in the older trees oil were significantly less than the younger’s.There were 32 kinds of other volatile components in C.oleifera oil,and there was no unique chemical composition found in a certain sampling site,a certain year or a certain tree age stably,so these three type factors interacted.The oleic acid,glycerol monostearate,organic acids and esters were more abundant in the older trees oil,and the amyrin,squalene,aldehydes,alcohols,hydrocarbons,unsaponifications,triterpenes and sterols were more abundant in the younger trees oil.The contents of main aroma components,(E,E)-2,4-decadienal and nonanal,were no significant difference between older and younger trees oil,while content of(E)-2-decenal in younger trees oil was higher,the content of these two unsaturated aldehydes appeared differently between older and younger trees oil of different year

关 键 词：越南油茶 老、幼龄树 经济性状 挥发性物质 PAES 

分 类 号：S601[农业科学—园艺学] S794.4