外源喷施铜、硒对枸杞果实品质及其耐储性的影响  

Effects of external application of copper and selenium trace elements on quality and storage resistance of Lycium barbarum

作　　者：黄婷 白雅楠[2] 米佳 李巨秀 何昕孺[1] 禄璐 张波 段淋渊 闫亚美 秦垦 HUANG Ting;BAI Yanan;MI Jia;LI Juxiu;HE Xinru;LU Lu;ZHANG Bo;DUAN Linyuan;YAN Yamei;QIN Ken(Institute of Wolfberry Engineering and Technology,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China;Northwest Agriculture&Forestry University,Xianyang 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院枸杞科学研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]西北农林科技大学,陕西咸阳712100

出　　处：《经济林研究》2023年第3期252-262,共11页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金项目(2021AAC03262);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2020BBF02006);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重点项目(2021BEF02003)。

摘　　要：[目的]为枸杞生产中叶面肥的选择和喷施提供参考。[方法]以‘宁杞1号’为试材,在枸杞果实采前以不同频率喷施相同浓度的铜肥、硒肥和喷施1次不同配比的铜硒复合肥,分析枸杞鲜果大小、形状、色泽、枸杞多糖含量、类胡萝卜素含量及果实耐储性等指标。[结果]喷施1次硒铜复合肥、喷施1次0.035%的铜肥、喷施2次0.035%的硒肥处理显著增加了枸杞果实表面积、周长、直径、长和宽。硒铜复合肥处理均增加了果实?L、?a和?b值,喷施1次0.035%的铜肥处理增加了果实△a、△b值。枸杞多糖含量与施铜肥频率显著正相关,喷施4次和5次0.035%的铜肥处理、喷施3次0.035%的硒肥处理、喷施1次复合肥(硒铜含量比1∶1、3∶1)处理显著增加了枸杞多糖含量。喷施1次0.035%的硒肥、喷施3次0.035%的铜肥处理显著增加枸杞果实中类胡萝卜素含量。[结论]枸杞现蕾期喷施不同配比的硒铜复合肥处理均可增加枸杞果实大小、果实紧致度、枸杞多糖含量、类胡萝卜素含量,提高果实鲜亮度。现蕾期喷施1次0.035%的铜肥可显著增加枸杞果实大小、红色度;喷施1次0.035%的硒肥可显著增加枸杞果实中类胡萝卜含量。枸杞现蕾期、始花期各喷施1次0.035%的硒肥可显著增加果实大小。枸杞现蕾期、始花期、盛花期各喷施1次0.035%的硒肥可显著增加果实中多糖含量。采前喷施铜、硒肥可降低果实的采后腐烂率,但不能抑制果实呼吸速率。【Objective】The reference was provided for the selection and spraying of foliar fertilizer for Lycium barbarum production.【Method】Taking Ningxia wolfberry as test material,the same concentration and different times of copper fertilizer,selenium fertilizer and different proportions of copper selenium compound fertilizer were sprayed before harvest to analyze the size,shape,color,polysaccharide,carotenoid content and storage resistance of fresh fruit of wolfberry.【Result】Spraying once selenium-copper compound fertilizer,once Cu fertilizer with concentration of 0.035%,twice Se fertilizer with concentration of 0.035%significantly increased the fruit surface area,circumference,diameter,length and width.Selenium copper compound fertilizer treatment increased the values of∆L,∆a and∆b of fruits,while Cu1 treatment increased the values of∆a and∆b of fruits.There was a significant positive correlation between the content of L.barbarum polysaccharide and the times of copper fertilization,and the content of L.barbarum polysaccharide was significantly increased by the treatment of Cu4,Cu5,Se3 and compound fertilizer at 1∶1 and 3∶1.Se1 and Cu3 treatments significantly increased carotenoid content in L.barbarum fruits.【Conclusion】Spraying different proportions of selenium copper compound fertilizer at the budding stage of L.barbarum can increaset the fruit size,fruit firmness,polysaccharide content and carotenoid content of L.barbarum,and increase fruit brightness.The fruit size and redness of L.barbarum are significantly increased by spraying 0.035%copper fertilizer once at the budding stage.Spraying of 0.035%selenium fertilizer once can significantly increase the carotenoid in wolfberry fruits.The fruit size of L.barbarum is significantly increased by spraying 0.035%selenium fertilizer twice at the bud stage and the beginning flowering stage.The content of polysaccharide in L.barbarum can be significantly increased by spraying 0.035%selenium fertilizer once at bud stage,beginning flowering stage a

关 键 词：枸杞 微量元素 铜硒配施 耐储性 叶面肥 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]