基于双层规划模型的高速公路差异化收费定价研究  

Research on differentiated toll pricing for highways based on bi-level programming

作　　者：程思洁 邵晓明 李镇 王江锋 CHENG Sijie;SHAO Xiaoming;LI Zhen;WANG Jiangfeng(Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport,School of Traffic and Transportation,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Shandong Provincial Communications Planning and Design Institute Group Co.Ltd,Jinan 250101,China;Shandong Hi-speed Company Limited,Jinan 250013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学交通运输学院综合交通运输大数据应用技术交通运输行业重点实验室,北京100044 [2]山东省交通规划设计院集团有限公司,山东济南250101 [3]山东高速股份有限公司,山东济南250013

出　　处：《山东科学》2023年第5期93-101,120,共10页Shandong Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61973028)。

摘　　要：为了提高高速公路利用率,减轻平行国省道的交通负担,综合考虑高速公路经营者和使用者双方的利益,建立了以实现高速公路运营收益增加为上层目标,以实现路网多用户随机均衡分配为下层目标的差异化收费定价模型,设计了遗传算法和模拟退火算法与迭代加权法组合的模型求解算法。在分析山东省龙青高速及其平行国省道交通流特征的基础上,运用设计的模型有针对性地制定分出入口路段、分时段、分车型的高速公差异化收费方案。研究结果表明最优的差异化收费方案能使龙青高速北向南方向的运营收益增加786.19万元/年,道路使用者的出行成本减少716.51万元/年,验证了差异化收费定价模型的实用性,进一步完善了高速公路多模式差异化收费方案。To improve the utilization of highway resources and the traffic situation in parallel national and provincial roads,in this study,the interests of highway operators and users was comprehensively accounted;a differentiated toll pricing model with the upper-level objective of increasing highway operating revenues and the lower-level objective of achieving multiclass stochastic traffic network equilibrium was established;and a model incorporating the genetic algorithm,simulated annealing algorithm,and iterative weighting method was developed.Based on the analysis of the traffic characteristics of the Longqing highway and its parallel national and provincial roads in the Shandong Province,the proposed model was used to develop differential toll schemes for entrance and exit sections,time periods,and vehicle types on the highway.The results show that the optimal differentiated tolling schemes can increase the operating revenue of the Longqing highway in the north-south direction by 7861900 yuan/year and reduce the travel cost of the road network by 7165100 yuan/year,which confirms the practicality of the proposed model and the effectiveness of the multimode differentiated tolling schemes for highways.

关 键 词：高速公路 差异化收费 双层规划 广义费用函数 多用户随机均衡分配 遗传算法 模拟退火算法 迭代加权法 

分 类 号：U491.122[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]