基于多源数据的北疆春季霜冻指标检验及其应用  

Test and Application of Multi-source Data for Spring Frost Criterion in Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：张祖莲[1,2] 王命全 张山清 姚艳丽 木沙江·艾代吐力 吐玛热色·吾拉木 ZHANG Zulian;WANG Mingquan;ZHANG Shanqing;YAO Yanli;Mushajiang Aidituli;Tumarese Wulamu(Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017,China;Xinjiang Xingnong Net Information Center,Urumqi/Xinjiang Agricultural Meteorological Observatory,Urumqi 830002,China;Xinjiang Education Management Information Center,Urumqi 830049,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [2]新疆兴农网信息中心/新疆农业气象台,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]新疆教育管理信息中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830049

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2023年第5期86-92,共7页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2021D01A171);新疆气象局面上项目(MS202215);新疆气象局引导项目(YD202212);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资源共享平台建设项目(PT2323)。

摘　　要：为检验多源融合数据在北疆春季极端降温情况下的霜冻灾害和棉花播种及出苗期间的各温度指标适应性,选用北疆1120个气象站和空间分辨率为5 km×5 km的CLDAS多源融合实况数据,对2021年4月北疆春季霜冻灾害性天气中的平均气温、最低气温、最大降温幅度、温度≤0℃和≤12℃所有时刻的平均气温和累计小时数在北疆棉花主产区进行检验。利用气象站点数据、结合实地调查验证CLDAS数据在霜冻灾害性天气中的可用性,结果表明:对比地面气象站数据,CLDAS数据在均方根误差、气温预报准确率、平均气温和最低气温分布上可信度较高,但在降温幅度、温度≤0℃分布区域和温度≤12℃累计小时数上局部略有差别,总体上,在没有地面观测站点区域,CLDAS温度数据可代表当地温度,为分区域、分作物、分灾种精细服务到田间地头提供基础保障。In order to test multi-source fusion data adaptability of each temperature index during cotton sowing and seedling emergence under extreme temperature drop in spring in northern Xinjiang,the paper selected 1120 meteorological stations in northern Xinjiang and Chinese land data assimilation system(CLDAS)multi-source fusion data with spatial resolution of 5 km×5 km,and the average temperature,minimum temperature,maximum cooling range,temperature≤0℃and temperature≤12℃at all times and cumulative hours of the spring frost disaster weather in April 2021 were tested in the main cotton producing areas in northern Xinjiang.By using meteorological station data and field investigation,the availability of CLDAS data in severe frost weather was verified,the results show that:Compared with ground meteorological station data in root-mean-square error,temperature forecast accuracy,mean temperature and minimum temperature distribution,though there were some differences in temperature drop amplitude,distribution areas of temperature≤0℃and temperature≤12℃accumulative hours,CLDAS data have high reliability.In general,CLDAS temperature data can represent the local temperature in the region without meteorological station,providing basic guarantee for fine service to the field by subregion,crop and disaster species.

关 键 词：CLDAS 北疆 霜冻 检验 灾害调查 棉花冷害 

分 类 号：P457.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]