超临界CO_(2)萃取制备腰果仁油工艺优化及其脂肪酸成分分析  

Optimization of Oil Extraction Technology from Cashew Nut by Supercritical CO_(2)Extraction and Identification of Its Fatty Acid Components

作　　者：柴立孟 郭溆[2] 荣耀 刘超[2] 王青[2] 孙金月 CHAI Limeng;GUO Xu;RONG Yao;LIU Chao;WANG Qing;SUN Jinyue(School of Public Health,Weifang Medical University,Weifang 261053,Shandong,China;Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,Shandong,China;College of Textiles and Clothing,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院公共卫生学院,山东潍坊261053 [2]农业农村部新食品资源加工重点实验室,山东省农产品精深加工技术重点实验室,山东省农业科学院农产品加工与营养研究所,山东济南250100 [3]青岛大学纺织服装学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2023年第20期90-97,共8页Food Research and Development

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0109200)。

摘　　要：以腰果仁为原料,采用超临界CO_(2)萃取技术萃取腰果仁油,研究萃取温度、萃取压强、萃取时间、CO_(2)流量对腰果仁油得率的影响,通过响应面法优化最佳提取工艺条件,采用气相色谱甲酯法对腰果仁油的脂肪酸成分进行分析。结果表明,超临界CO_(2)萃取腰果仁油的最佳条件为萃取温度45℃、萃取压强40 MPa、CO_(2)流量4.2 L/min、萃取时间1.6 h,该条件下腰果仁油得率为46.41%,与模型预测结果接近。气相色谱甲酯法对脂肪酸成分分析表明,腰果仁油含有12种脂肪酸成分,其中含量较高的4种脂肪酸成分分别为油酸58.42%、亚油酸18.75%、棕榈酸11.160%、硬脂酸9.890%,不饱和脂肪酸含量达78.21%。This study employed supercritical CO_(2)extraction technology to extract cashew nut oil with cashew nuts as raw materials.The effects of extraction temperature,extraction pressure,extraction time,and CO_(2)flow rate on the yield of cashew nut oil were investigated.The extraction process conditions were optimized using the response surface methodology.Gas chromatography was used to analyze the fatty acid composition of cashew nut oil.The results showed that the optimal conditions for supercritical CO_(2)extraction of cashew nut oil were as follows:extraction temperature of 45℃,extraction pressure of 40 MPa,CO_(2)flow rate of 4.2 L/min,and extraction time of 1.6 h.Under these conditions,the yield of cashew nut oil was 46.41%,which was close to the predicted model result.The analysis using gas chromatography revealed that cashew nut oil contained 12 different fatty acids,with the four highest components being oleic acid(58.42%),linoleic acid(18.75%),palmitic acid(11.160%),and stearic acid(9.890%),resulting in a total unsaturated fatty acid content of 78.21%.

关 键 词：腰果仁 超临界CO_(2)萃取 腰果仁油 提取 脂肪酸成分 

分 类 号：TS225.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]