无人机GPS欺骗干扰攻击对策  

Countermeasure of UAV GPS spoofing jamming attcck

作　　者：陈立军 潘正军 陈孝如 CHEN Lijun;PAN Zhengjun;CHEN Xiaoru(Department of Software Engineering,software engineering institute of Guangzhou,guangzhou 510990,China)

机构地区：[1]广州软件学院软件工程系,广州510990

出　　处：《全球定位系统》2023年第4期91-98,共8页Gnss World of China

基　　金：2021年度广东省普通高校重点科研平台和科研项目(2021KTSCX160)。

摘　　要：自主和半自主的无人机群(unmanned aerial vehicles,UAVs)开始引发大量的研究兴趣和来自各种民用应用领域的需求,然而,为成功执行各种任务,无人机群需要GPS的信号.民用GPS信号是未加密和未认证的,这为GPS欺骗攻击的实施提供了便利,在这些攻击中,对手通过模仿真实的GPS信号,并将其广播给目标无人机,以改变其航线,迫使其降落或坠毁.在这项研究中,提出了一种GPS欺骗检测机制,能够检测单发射器和多发射器的GPS欺骗攻击,以防止改变其航线或坠毁.GPS欺骗是基于比较每两个蜂群成员之间从其GPS坐标计算出的距离和同一蜂群成员之间从脉冲无线电超宽带测距获得的距离,如果距离的差异大于选定的阈值,则宣布检测到GPS欺骗攻击.通过案例证明:检测机制优于现存的检测技术,它无需修改原有的天线和安装额外的硬件,便可检测GPS欺骗攻击,并且也不需要复杂的计算和通信开销,减少了误报,使检测机制更加可靠.In recent times,autonomous and semi-autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) fleets have begun to generate a lot of research interest and demand from a variety of civilian applications.However,in order to successfully perform a variety of missions,fleets of UAVs require GPS signals,which unfortunately are unencrypted and uncertified.This facilitates the implementation of GPS spoofing attacks,in which an adversary mimics a real GPS signal and broadcasts it to a target drone in order to change its course and force it to land or crash.In this study,a GPS Spoofing detection mechanism is proposed to detect both single and multi-transmitter GPS spoofing attacks to prevent them from changing course or crashing.GPS Spoofing detection mechanism is based on comparing the distance calculated from their GPS coordinates between every two hive members and the distance obtained from pulsed radio UWB ranging between the same hive members.If the difference in distance is greater than a selected threshold,a GPS spoofing attack is declared detected.Finally,the case proves that GPS Spoofing detection mechanism is superior to the existing detection technology.It can detect GPS spoofs without modifying the original antenna or installing additional hardware.Moreover,it does not need complex calculation and communication overhead,thus reducing false positives and making the detection mechanism more reliable.

关 键 词：无人机 GNSS欺骗 GPS欺骗 网络攻击 无人机群 

分 类 号：P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]