2015—2021年我国中部城乡地区食管癌死亡与减寿年数变化分析  

Analysis on the changes of esophageal cancer mortality and years of life loss in urban and rural areas of central China from 2015 to 2021

作　　者：周立业 陈思静 孙梦姣 付梓煊 余红梅[2] ZHOU Li-ye;CHEN Si-jing;SUN Meng-jiao;FU Zi-xuan;YU Hong-mei(Taiyuan School of Management,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学管理学院,山西太原030000 [2]山西医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第19期3477-3481,3494,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81973154)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2015—2021年我国中部地区居民食管癌死亡的变化趋势、对期望寿命的影响以及潜在寿命损失年的变化趋势。方法 基于2015—2021年中国死因监测数据集中中部地区食管癌的死亡资料及人口数据,计算2015—2021年我国中部地区居民分城乡地区食管癌粗死亡率、中国人口标化死亡率(采用2010年全国第六次人口普查标准人口构成进行年龄标化)、累积死亡率(0~74岁)、截缩死亡率(35~64岁)、去食管癌死因期望寿命以及计算潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、平均潜在减寿年数(APYLL)、潜在减寿率(PYLLR)、年度变化百分比(APC)等指标。结果 2015—2021年我国中部地区食管癌粗死亡率为10.41/10万、中标率8.25/10万,累积死亡率(0~74岁)为2.23%,35~64岁截缩死亡率为7.69/10万,除粗死亡率外,其余死亡率均呈下降趋势。农村地区死亡率均大于城市地区,城市地区死亡率下降幅度均大于农村地区,城市地区食管癌老龄化程度相较于农村地区更为严峻且老龄化速度更快。2015—2021年我国中部地区居民出生时期望寿命为79.30岁,去除食管癌死因后,人均期望寿命提高了0.16岁,因食管癌导致的寿命损失率为0.21%,寿命损失年数年均下降3.44%(t=-3.793,P=0.013),差异具有统计学意义。农村地区寿命损失年数及寿命损失率大于城市地区,城市地区期望寿命上升幅度大于农村地区。2015—2021年我国中部地区人口因食管癌死亡导致的总PYLL、APYLL、PYLLR分别为519 065人年、9.95人年、0.80‰,其中APYLL、PYLLR均呈下降趋势。城市地区因食管癌造成的PYLL和PYLLR低于农村地区,而城市地区和农村地区AYPLL相差不大。结论 我国中部地区食管癌死亡水平有明显的城乡差距,卫生部门应对此制定相应健康策略,以期继续降低食管癌死亡率,延长人口寿命。Objective To analyze the changing trend of esophageal cancer death, its effect on life expectancy, and the change trend of potential years of life loss among residents in central China from 2015 to 2021. Methods Based on the death data and population data of esophageal cancer in central China from 2015 to 2021, the crude mortality rate of esophageal cancer in urban and rural areas of central China from 2015 to 2021, the standardized death rate of Chinese population (age standardized using the standard population composition of the sixth national census in 2010), cumulative mortality (0-74 years), truncation mortality (35 to 64 years), life expectancy of esophageal cancer causes of death, potential life loss years (PYLL), average potential life loss years (APYLL), potential life loss rate (PYLLR), and annual change percentage (APC) were calculated. Results The crude mortality rate of esophageal cancer in central China from 2015 to 2021 was 10.41/100 000, the average ASR China was 8.25/100 000, and the cumulative mortality rate (0 to 74 years old) was 2.23%. The truncated mortality rate of 35 to 64 years old was 7.69/100 000. Except for the crude death rate, the rest showed a downward trend. The mortality rate in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas, and the decline in mortality in urban areas was greater than that in rural areas. The aging degree of esophageal cancer in urban areas was more severe and faster than that in rural areas. The life expectancy at birth of residents in central China from 2015 to 2021 was 79.30 years. After removing the cause of death of esophageal cancer, the average life expectancy increased by 0.16 years. The rate of life loss caused by esophageal cancer was 0.21%. The average number of years of life loss decreased by 3.44% (t=-3.793, P=0.013), with statistically significant difference. The number of years of life loss and the rate of life loss in rural areas are higher than those in urban areas, and the increase in life expectancy in urban areas was greater than that in rura

关 键 词：食管癌死亡率 去死因寿命表 潜在减寿年数 

分 类 号：R735.1[医药卫生—肿瘤]