应对社会挑战知证决策的先行者:全球证据委员会  

A pioneer in addressing societal challenges with evidence-informed decision-making: Global Commission on Evidence

作　　者：宋旭萍[1,2,3] John NLavis 陈耀龙 杨克虎 SONG Xuping;John N.Lavis;CHEN Yaolong;YANG Kehu(Evidence-based Social Science Research Center,School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,P.R.China;McMaster Health Forum,Department of Health Research Methods,Evidence and Impact,McMaster University,Hamilton L8S 4L6,Canada;Innovation Laboratory for Evidence-based Social Science,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]循证社会科学研究中心,兰州大学公共卫生学院,兰州730000 [2]加拿大麦克马斯特大学卫生研究方法、证据与影响力系卫生论坛,汉密尔顿L8S4L6 [3]循证社会科学交叉创新实验室,兰州大学,兰州730000

出　　处：《中国循证医学杂志》2023年第10期1222-1228,共7页Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(编号:19ZDA142)。

摘　　要：决策通常是一个复杂且难以标准化的过程。从抗击新型冠状病毒感染疫情的经验中,决策者们逐渐认识到应对人类面临的诸多社会挑战,如气候变化、优质教育及其他可持续发展目标,都应采用知证决策方法,基于现有的最佳证据进行决策。全球证据委员会自2021年成立以来,相继在2022年和2023年发布报告。报告利用5种国内证据形式(数据分析、评价、建模、定性见解和行为/实施研究),基于4个决策步骤(理解问题及其原因、选择解决问题的方案、确认实施考量的因素、监测实施和评估效果),面向4类决策者(政策制定者、组织领导者、专业人士和公民)阐述如何基于知证决策科学应对社会挑战。为了进一步传播知证决策的理念和方法,秘书处与25位全球证据委员会委员合作撰写报告,与来自12个国家的国家领导小组开展快速证据支持系统评估,与实施理事会加速实施24条建议。本文系统梳理了全球证据委员会的历史沿革、核心方法和最新动态,旨在为决策者展示知证决策的新视界,并推动科学决策的传播与应用。Decision-making is often a complex and hard-to-routinize process. Based on the decision-making experience of fighting COVID-19, policymakers have gradually realized that climate action, quality education, and other societal challenges, as well as the sustainable development goals(SDGs) need to be addressed with the best available evidence using an evidence-informed decision-making(EIDM) approach. The Global Commission on Evidence was established in 2021. In addition, the Evidence Commission issued reports in 2022 and 2023. A systematic methodology to address societal challenges with EIDM has been constructed in the report. Five types of domestic evidence(data analytics,evaluation, modeling, qualitative insights, and behavioural/implementation research) and four steps in decision-making process(understanding a problem and its causes, selecting an option for addressing the problem, identifying implementation considerations, and monitoring implementation and evaluating impacts) were used to support four types of decision-makers(government policymakers, organizational leaders, professionals and citizens) in EIDM, as demonstrated by the reports. To further disseminate the concept and methodology of EIDM globally, the secretariat works with 25 Evidence Commissioners to write the report, and continues to cooperate with Country Leads Group from 12 countries to conduct rapid evidence-support system assessments(RESSAs), and collaborates with Evidence Commission Implementation Council to accelerate the implementation of 24 recommendations. The main history, core methodology,and latest developments of the Global Committee on Evidence were systematically reviewed in this paper. We aimed to show decision-makers a new version of how to scientifically address the societal challenges of EIDM.

关 键 词：知证决策 社会挑战 全球证据委员会 报告 

分 类 号：R-03[医药卫生]