梯度升温降温条件下球形棕囊藻生长和生理生化响应  

Growth and Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Phaeocystis globosa under Gradient Temperature Rise and Temperature Drop

作　　者：梁思柔 李杰[2,3] 蓝彩碧 许铭本 陆家昌[2,3] 谢芳 韦维[1,2] 赖俊翔 王英辉 LIANG Sirou;LI Jie;LAN Caibi;XU Mingben;LU Jiachang;XIE Fang;WEI Wei;LAI Junxiang;WANG Yinghui(School of Resources,Environment and Materials,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi,530006,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center,Guangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi,530007,China;Beibu Gulf Marine Industry Research Institute,Fangchenggang,Guangxi,538000,China;School of Marine Sciences,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi,530006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学资源环境与材料学院,广西南宁530006 [2]广西科学院,广西北部湾海洋研究中心,广西近海海洋环境科学重点实验室,广西南宁530007 [3]北部湾海洋产业研究院,广西防城港538000 [4]广西大学海洋学院,广西南宁530006

出　　处：《广西科学》2023年第4期643-652,共10页Guangxi Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42266007);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(ZY21195027)资助。

摘　　要：球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosa)藻华频繁暴发,不仅会危害海洋生态系统和渔业生产安全,还会堵塞核电站冷源取水系统产生严重安全隐患。球形棕囊藻藻华的暴发有明显的季节性特征,本研究采用梯度升温降温实验,研究不同温度(高温、低温)条件下球形棕囊藻的生理生化响应及温度胁迫诱导的细胞程序性死亡(Programmed Cell Death, PCD)过程。结果显示:低温胁迫抑制球形棕囊藻细胞的正常生长繁殖,但不会激活其进入PCD响应;高温胁迫使球形棕囊藻出现氧化应激,从而导致其发生PCD响应,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著提高,半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)被激活后球形棕囊藻细胞出现Annexin V-FITC阳性反应。环境胁迫使球形棕囊藻细胞产生氧化应激,抗氧化酶活性快速升高,并激活Caspase-3使藻细胞发生PCD响应,表现出细胞磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)外翻、细胞收缩和质膜从细胞壁分离等特征。本研究可为深入探讨球形棕囊藻藻华的生消机制与防治赤潮灾害提供一定的理论基础。The frequent outbreak of Phaeocystis globosa blooms endangers the safety of marine ecosystems and fishery production,and will block the cold source water intake system of nuclear power plants and cause serious safety hazards.The outbreak of P.globosa has obvious seasonal characteristics.In this study,the physiological and biochemical responses of P.globosa under different temperatures(high temperature and low temperature)and the process of the Programmed Cell Death(PCD)induced by temperature stress were studied by gradient heating and cooling experiments.The results showed that the low-temperature stress inhibited the normal growth and reproduction of P.globosa cells and did not activate them to enter the PCD response process.High-temperature stress caused oxidative stress in P.globosa,which led to the occurrence of PCD response process.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)were significantly increased,and Annexin V-FITC positive reaction occurred in P.globosa cells after the activation of cysteine aspartic protease 3(Caspase-3).Environmental stress caused oxidative stress in P.globosa cells,the activity of antioxidant enzymes increased rapidly,and Caspase-3 was activated to induce PCD response in P.globosa cells,showing the characteristics of phosphatidylserine(PS)eversion,cell contraction and plasma membrane separation from the cell wall.This study can provide a theoretical basis for further exploring the mechanism of the generation and elimination mechanism of P.globosa blooms and the prevention and control of red tide disasters.

关 键 词：球形棕囊藻 温度胁迫 细胞程序性死亡 SOD CASPASE-3 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]