轨道工程车车体与车下悬挂设备耦合振动分析及减振研究(上)  

Analysis on Coupling Vibration and Study on Vibration Reduction of Track Engineering Car Body and Suspension Equipment under Track Engineering Car(Part 1 of 2)

作　　者：徐坤 张莎 雒耀祥 李华伟 XU Kun;ZHANG Sha;LUO Yaoxiang;LI Huawei

机构地区：[1]宝鸡中车时代工程机械有限公司,陕西宝鸡721003

出　　处：《铁道技术监督》2023年第9期43-47,共5页Railway Quality Control

基　　金：国铁集团重大科技课题(K2019G046)。

摘　　要：为了研究轨道工程车高速运行时车体与车下悬挂设备的耦合振动,建立车体与车下悬挂设备垂向耦合振动力学模型,分别分析在简谐和随机轨道不平顺激励下,车下悬挂设备悬挂频率对车体和车下悬挂设备振动的影响规律。分析结果表明:相比于低速运行,轨道工程车在高速(大于160km/h)运行时,在线路不平顺波长范围更广的条件下,车下悬挂设备的悬挂频率影响设备振动,采用弹性悬挂的减振效果更好;车下悬挂设备的悬挂位置离车体中心越远,对车体、车下悬挂设备浮沉振动越不利,但是会改善车体的点头振动;车下悬挂设备质量越大,车体、车下悬挂设备振动响应越小。研究利用半主动控制技术改善车体与车下悬挂设备振动的可行性。当采用天棚阻尼控制时,车体振动得到改善,但车下悬挂设备振动加剧;相反,当采用地棚阻尼控制时,车下悬挂设备振动得到改善,车体振动却加剧。In order to study the coupling vibration of the track engineering car and the suspension equipments when the track engineering car is running at high speed,the vertical coupling vibration mechanical model of them is set up.The paper analyzes the influence of suspension frequency on vibration of the car body and the suspension equipments under sinusoidal and actual track irregularity excitation.The analysis results show:Compared with low-speed opera⁃tion,when track engineering car is running at high speed(morethan160km/h),under the wider wavelength of line irreg⁃ularity suspension frequency of the suspension equipments affects equipment vibration,and the vibration reduction ef⁃fect is better by elastic suspension.The further the suspension equipments are from the center of the car body,the worse the bouncing vibration of the car body and the suspension equipments,but the better the pitching vibration of the car body is.The larger the mass of the suspension equipment is,the smaller the vibration responses of the car body and the suspension equipment are.The feasibility of using semi-active control technology to improve the vibration of the car body and the suspension equipments is studied.When the skyhook damping control is adopted,vibration of the car body is depressed and vibration of the suspension equipments is aggravated.On the contrary,when the groundhook damping control is adopted,vibrationof the suspension equipmentsis depressed and vibration of the car is aggravated.

关 键 词：轨道车 车体 悬挂设备 振动 悬挂频率 悬挂位置 质量 天棚阻尼控制 地棚阻尼控制 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程] U273[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]